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Considering that near\u2010infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) became a promising noninvasive tool for monitoring muscle and cupping therapy could regulate muscle blood flow to relieve LBP, we attempted to incorporate cupping and hemodynamics monitoring in muscle tissue by NIRS to assess LBP. We collected 3\u2010min NIRS recordings on 12 LBP patients and 12 healthy subjects before and after 20\u2010min cupping. Initially, no significant hemodynamic differences were observed between the groups. After cupping, the concentration changes of oxy\u2010hemoglobin (\u0394[HbO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>]) in the emitter\u2010detector channel parallel to spine unexpectedly exhibited that LBP was remarkably lower by approximately 67% compared with the controls. This study highlighted the potential of combining NIRS and cupping protocol as a quantitative assessment technique for LBP, also providing a new idea for clinical integration of novel optical assessment technologies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.202400204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,2]],"date-time":"2024-09-02T00:15:11Z","timestamp":1725236111000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Noninvasive Assessing Low Back Pain by a Novel Near\u2010Infrared Spectroscopy Flexible Probe With the Aid of\u00a0Cupping Protocol"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Bowen","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering Department North Carolina State University  Raleigh North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(18)30480\u2010X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2010.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/atm.2020.02.175"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.332.7555.1430"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746\u2010023\u201000870\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(18)30488\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010022\u201011683\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pathophys.2005.09.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ecam\/nep035"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcms.2020.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/acm.2012.0769"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/BMR\u2010169736"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jams.2019.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2020.608509"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2018.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctcp.2017.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctim.2013.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2095\u20104964(16)60250\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.10.000196"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.8.000223"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.6.003431"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.493897"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.202200342"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0304\u20103940(93)90181\u2010J"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600\u20100838.2001.110404.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216\u2010007\u20101651\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PCC.0b013e3181c51cf1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5812\/aapm.109863"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000002293"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2095\u20104964(16)60246\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.55116\/IJIM.V1I1.3"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","volume-title":"Traditional Chinese Medicine Cupping Therapy \u2010 E\u2010Book","author":"Chirali I. 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