{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,2]],"date-time":"2025-08-02T14:25:25Z","timestamp":1754144725613,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]],"date-time":"2025-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747353600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Biophotonics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a medical device that provides temporary external circulation and respiratory support during heart\u2010lung procedures, substituting for heart and lung function to alleviate their burden and allow more time for treatment. This study employs the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) to evaluate the severity of illness in ECMO patients and utilizes noninvasive near\u2010infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to monitor lower limb microcirculation. By extracting and selecting features, blood oxygen information is input into machine learning models for classification and regression analysis. The results indicated that the classification accuracy for disease severity reached 90% for veno\u2010venous\u00a0(VV\u2010ECMO) and veno\u2010arterial (VA\u2010ECMO) patients, demonstrating the efficacy of combining NIRS with machine learning in clinically distinguishing disease severity. Additionally, the regression analysis yielded excellent performance. These findings underscore the effectiveness of NIRS in assessing disease severity among ECMO patients, offering valuable clinical guidance for optimizing ECMO settings, adjusting cardiovascular medication dosages, and predicting patient prognosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.202500032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]],"date-time":"2025-05-16T03:46:07Z","timestamp":1747367167000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Novel Approach to Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (<scp>SOFA<\/scp>) Using Near\u2010Infrared Spectroscopy in Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (<scp>ECMO<\/scp>) Patients"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9769-8019","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chia\u2010Wei","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Optical Intelligent Lab, Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University  Hsinchu Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Intelligent Bioelectrical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung Unniversity  Hsinchu Taiwan"},{"name":"Medical Device Innovation and Translation Center National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chun\u2010Yeh","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Optical Intelligent Lab, Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University  Hsinchu Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu\u2010Han","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Optical Intelligent Lab, Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University  Hsinchu Taiwan"},{"name":"Medical Device Innovation and Translation Center National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi\u2010Min","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Optical Intelligent Lab, Department of Photonics, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University  Hsinchu Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hsiao\u2010Huang","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery Taipei Veterans General Hospital  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine Taipei Medical University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(10)65613-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/nejm197203232861204"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2012.12.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2014.03.046"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resuscitation.2014.06.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejcts.2010.12.050"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2012.08.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61069-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2017.06.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2016.02.067"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ccm.0000000000002502"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","unstructured":"Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenationaccessed August 2024 https:\/\/www.taiwan\u2010pharma.org.tw\/magazine\/106\/044\u2010048.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc3751"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.116.307930"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546510376744"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.202000116"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering11010026"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0031\u20109155\/33\/12\/008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNSRE.2021.3115266"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0127594"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WNR.0b013e328359833b"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ics.2004.05.052"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022627411411"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNN.2006.873281"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymssp.2006.12.007"},{"volume-title":"Ridge","year":"1977","author":"Hilt D. E.","key":"e_1_2_10_27_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9780203751220"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00401706.1970.10488634"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00401706.1970.10488635"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2050312119835043"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.286.14.1754"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01709751"}],"container-title":["Journal of Biophotonics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jbio.202500032","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,15]],"date-time":"2025-07-15T23:53:26Z","timestamp":1752623606000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jbio.202500032"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jbio.202500032"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbio.202500032","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1864-063X","1864-0648"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1864-063X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1864-0648"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-03-04","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-08","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-16","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e202500032"}}