{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T14:46:29Z","timestamp":1786977989246,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,14]],"date-time":"2025-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757808000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,14]],"date-time":"2025-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757808000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U20A20388"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U20A20388"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Biophotonics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    COVID\u201019 has increased the likelihood of cognitive impairment in patients with post\u2010acute sequelae of COVID\u201019 (PASC). There is a lack of direct evidence regarding the working memory performance of mild patients during the recovery period. This study employed functional near\u2010infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to construct a mixed effects model for PASC patients performing the N\u2010back task, assessing brain activation levels and brain connectivity. PASC patients exhibited abnormally low activation in the parietal lobe (\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009\u22120.21) and abnormally high activation in the occipital lobe (\n                    <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.40). There was a significant reduction in brain connectivity within the frontal\u2013parietal and frontal\u2013occipital networks. These findings suggest that PASC patients experience impaired fronto\u2010parietal network connectivity, rely more on the visual cortex to compensate for executive function deficits, and use this as a compensatory mechanism to reduce overall cerebral blood oxygenation. This study provides evidence of altered brain activation patterns in PASC patients during the recovery period due to cognitive impairment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.202500206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,14]],"date-time":"2025-09-14T23:55:26Z","timestamp":1757894126000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Abnormal Brain Activation Patterns in Patients With Post\u2010Acute Sequelae of\n                    <scp>COVID<\/scp>\n                    \u201019 (\n                    <scp>PASC<\/scp>\n                    ) During Recovery: A\n                    <scp>fNIRS<\/scp>\n                    Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2451-3184","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuchen","family":"Ran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Technology Beijing Institute of Technology  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life Science Beijing Institute of Technology  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuai","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Technology Beijing Institute of Technology  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Technology Beijing Institute of Technology  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yangxi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine Tsinghua University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5483-7322","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tianxin","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Technology Beijing Institute of Technology  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingwei","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Technology Beijing Institute of Technology  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoying","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical Technology Beijing Institute of Technology  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213\u20102600(23)00387\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj\u20102022\u2010072529"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.3331"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03007995.2023.2286312"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.86002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2021.02.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591\u2010024\u201003309\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/23279095.2022.2123739"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13423\u2010014\u20100699\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2021.30645"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2024.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euroneuro.2021.03.019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474\u20104422(20)30308\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586\u2010022\u201004569\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.13398"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbih.2023.100595"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19074133"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18116118"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2019.108363"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10278\u2010020\u201000387\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1117\/1.NPh.8.1.010802"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2022.119302"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cortex.2022.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000207309"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ebiom.2021.103512"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13854046.2022.2030412"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/22221751.2023.2258232"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010021\u201023509\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010018\u201004723\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2019.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2016.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/7854_2016_456"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2016.07.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.13948"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc2033369"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/M20\u20102003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2020.2730"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00259\u2010021\u201005215\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467\u2010022\u201029440\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.abm2052"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000001118"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpj.2021.05.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.14506"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(20)32656\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.07.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10548\u2010019\u201000749\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaw8347"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2020.112954"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/s1679\u201049742020000400018"}],"container-title":["Journal of Biophotonics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jbio.202500206","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jbio.202500206","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jbio.202500206","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T23:57:35Z","timestamp":1769644655000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jbio.202500206"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,14]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jbio.202500206"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbio.202500206","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1864-063X","1864-0648"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1864-063X","type":"print"},{"value":"1864-0648","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-04-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-03","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-09-14","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e202500206"}}