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Two\u2010trace two\u2010dimensional Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (2T2D\u2010FTIR) shows great promise in cancer research by providing detailed molecular information that helps distinguish tumor types and stages. In this study, we used 2T2D\u2010FTIR combined with machine learning (ML) to diagnose thyroid cancer across different population groups. The study population was divided into three groups: G1 (20\u201340\u2009\u00b1\u20092\u2009years, female), G2 (45\u201360\u2009\u00b1\u20092\u2009years, male and female), and G3 (65\u201380\u2009\u00b1\u20092\u2009years, female). This advanced technique enhances the comparison between healthy and malignant tissues by detecting subtle molecular changes in two\u2010dimensional space. Our findings support the use of 2T2D\u2010FTIR combined with ML for early thyroid cancer detection, and possibly for other cancers as well. The study had a limited sample size due to ethical and availability constraints; however, the ML approach improved accuracy and could potentially achieve better results with larger datasets.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.70302","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T09:04:58Z","timestamp":1781168698000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Molecular Profiling Thyroid Cancer Using\n                    <scp>2T2D<\/scp>\n                    \u2010\n                    <scp>FTIR<\/scp>\n                    Spectroscopy Integrated With Machine Learning Models"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6657-0722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gustavo Jesus","family":"Vazquez\u2010Zapien","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital Central Militar, Secretar\u00eda de la Defensa Nacional  Mexico City 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