{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T09:04:14Z","timestamp":1784192654916,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":24,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Biophotonics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Breast cancer diagnosis is clinically challenging, particularly in distinguishing benign lesions, ductal carcinoma in\u00a0situ (DCIS), and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). This study evaluates multimodal autofluorescence spectroscopy combined with chemometric analysis for breast tissue classification. A total of 145 ex\u00a0vivo specimens (56 IDC, 54 DCIS, 35 benign) were analyzed using excitation spectroscopy, synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy, and two\u2010dimensional integrated\u2010emission mapping (2D\u2010IEM). Spectral data were decomposed via parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) and assessed using PCA with Bonferroni\u2010corrected ANOVA and receiver operating characteristic analysis. Excitation fluorescence demonstrated good discrimination for benign (area under the curve, AUC\u2009=\u20090.85) and IDC (AUC\u2009=\u20090.83) tissues, with moderate DCIS performance (AUC\u2009=\u20090.75). Synchronous modality enhanced differentiation of overlapping fluorophores, revealing tumor\u2010specific metabolic signatures. PARAFAC resolved three biologically relevant components\u2014protein\u2010related, metabolic, and porphyrin\u2010associated\u2014enabling clear tissue group separation. These findings establish multimodal autofluorescence spectroscopy as a robust, label\u2010free approach with strong potential for intraoperative margin assessment and diagnostic support.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.70316","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T04:48:47Z","timestamp":1782449327000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Fluorescence Profiling of Water\u2010Based Breast Tissue Homogenates Combined With Chemometric Analyses for Discrimination of Benign and Malignant Lesions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Eman G.","family":"Ibrahim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Women for Arts, Science and Education Ain Shams University  Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6826-6011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sherif 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