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This study investigates the impact of various preparation techniques on porcine tissue. These methods include embedding the tissue in PBS or deionised water, and analysing untreated tissue or tissue that has been cut using liquid nitrogen. The results demonstrate that embedding samples does result in changes to the LIBS spectra. Minor deviations in the magnesium and sodium intensity ratios were observed in the skin. However, it should be noted that embedded samples may exhibit altered elemental signatures due to ionic exchange with the immersion medium, despite facilitating sample handling. It is important to note that the immediate measurement of untreated samples is critical, as post\u2010mortem changes can lead to shifts in elemental concentrations. These findings show that CF\u2010LIBS can be reliably performed on untreated biological samples, thus supporting its use in\u00a0vivo diagnostics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.70327","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T12:09:31Z","timestamp":1785326971000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Influence of Sample Preparation Methods for Porcine Tissue: Calibration\u2010Free\n                    <scp>LIBS<\/scp>\n                    for In\u00a0Vivo Applications"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-1145-7542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edith","family":"B\u00f6hmer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Photonic Technologies (LPT) Friedrich\u2010Alexander\u2010Universit\u00e4t Erlangen\u2010N\u00fcrnberg (FAU)  Erlangen Germany"},{"name":"Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT)  Erlangen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1665-9753","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oana\u2010Maria","family":"Thoma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicinie 1 Friedrich\u2010Alexander\u2010Universit\u00e4t Erlangen\u2010N\u00fcrnberg (FAU)  Erlangen Germany"},{"name":"Germany Center of Immunotherapy, Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI) University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich\u2010Alexander\u2010Universit\u00e4t Erlangen\u2010N\u00fcrnberg (FAU)  Erlangen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maximilian J.","family":"Waldner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicinie 1 Friedrich\u2010Alexander\u2010Universit\u00e4t Erlangen\u2010N\u00fcrnberg (FAU)  Erlangen Germany"},{"name":"Germany Center of Immunotherapy, Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI) University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich\u2010Alexander\u2010Universit\u00e4t Erlangen\u2010N\u00fcrnberg (FAU)  Erlangen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7864-7419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Florian","family":"Kl\u00e4mpfl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Photonic Technologies (LPT) Friedrich\u2010Alexander\u2010Universit\u00e4t Erlangen\u2010N\u00fcrnberg (FAU)  Erlangen Germany"},{"name":"Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT)  Erlangen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Photonic Technologies (LPT) Friedrich\u2010Alexander\u2010Universit\u00e4t Erlangen\u2010N\u00fcrnberg (FAU)  Erlangen Germany"},{"name":"Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT)  Erlangen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5099-1015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Hohmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Photonic Technologies (LPT) Friedrich\u2010Alexander\u2010Universit\u00e4t Erlangen\u2010N\u00fcrnberg (FAU)  Erlangen Germany"},{"name":"Graduate School in Advanced Optical Technologies (SAOT)  Erlangen Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00340\u2010016\u20106617\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/met13071188"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sab.2026.107583"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11588\/ai.2023.1.105488"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11214\u2010021\u201000807\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118567371","volume-title":"Handbook of Laser\u2010Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy","author":"Cremers D. 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