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Wavelet amplitude and wavelet phase coherence were employed to quantify task\u2010related hemodynamic activation and interregional synchronization within the 0.01\u20130.08\u2009Hz frequency band.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Compared with\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BAT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      alone, the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PES<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2010\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BAT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      paradigm elicited augmented hemodynamic activation in ipsilesional prefrontal and motor regions. The combined intervention further enhanced phase synchronization across distributed cortical networks and preserved interhemispheric coherence, counteracting maladaptive contralesional dominance.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The fNIRS\u2010based wavelet metrics effectively detect intervention\u2010dependent modulation of cortical hemodynamics and network organization, highlighting the value of optical neuroimaging in assessing neuroplasticity during stroke rehabilitation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.70353","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T07:45:02Z","timestamp":1788248702000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["<scp>fNIRS<\/scp>\n                    \u2010Based Network Signatures of Sensory\u2010Primed Bilateral Arm Training in Subacute Stroke Recovery"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0758-450X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenhao","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Rehabilitation Engineering China Civil Affairs University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0219-326X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bing","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Rehabilitation Engineering China Civil Affairs University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Rehabilitation Engineering China Civil Affairs University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7320-5571","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ran","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Rehabilitation Engineering China Civil Affairs University  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3198-0158","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Congcong","family":"Huo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Rehabilitation Technical Aids of the Ministry of Civil Affairs National Research Center for Rehabilitation Technical Aids  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/JP287848"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2004.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/apmr.2002.35473"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-0003-6-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cns.14065"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2024.1352365"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.292.15.1853"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4102\/SAJP.v80i1.1985"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mp.15570"},{"issue":"115","key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Motor Skill Acquisition and Retention After Somatosensory Electrical Stimulation in Healthy Humans","volume":"10","author":"Veldman M. 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