{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T00:56:20Z","timestamp":1790556980155,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789948800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004901","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["02123\/15"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["02123\/15"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004901","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004586","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004586","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Biophotonics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate whether photobiomodulation (PBM) modulates macrophage polarization in zymosan\u2010induced acute joint inflammation, promoting an M1 to M2 phenotype shift.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Mice received intra\u2010articular zymosan and PBM (830\u2009nm, 10\u2009mW) at 3 and 30\u2009J\/cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      . Euthanasia occurred at 24, 48, and 72\u2009h. Polarization was assessed via mRNA levels and protein expression.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      At 24\u2009h, both fluences downregulated iNOS and Arg\u20101 mRNA. The 30\u2009J\/cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      dose sustained steady\u2010state mRNA levels through 72\u2009h. Immunohistochemistry showed that 3\u2009J\/cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      reduced M1 cells at 24\u2009h, while 30\u2009J\/cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      was more effective in promoting M2 polarization at 48 and 72\u2009h. Predominance of M2 over M1 macrophages was observed in all treated groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      PBM may modulate acute joint inflammation by driving a phenotypic switch from M1 to M2 macrophages. These regulatory effects depend on irradiation conditions, with higher fluence (30\u2009J\/cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) sustaining a durable pro\u2010resolutive cellular profile.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.70366","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T23:01:12Z","timestamp":1790031672000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Photobiomodulation Triggers\n                    <scp>M1<\/scp>\n                    \/\n                    <scp>M2<\/scp>\n                    Macrophage Polarization in Zymosan\u2010Induced Acute Arthritis in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"19","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-6072-9043","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vict\u00f3ria Batista","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora  Juiz de Fora Minas Gerais Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00c1lvaro Carneiro","family":"de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora  Juiz de Fora Minas Gerais Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L\u00facia Mara Janu\u00e1rio","family":"dos Anjos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Morfologia, Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biol\u00f3gicas Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora  Juiz de Fora Minas Gerais Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Caroline","family":"da Silva Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biof\u00edsica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes Universidade Do Estado Do Rio de Janeiro  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelle Abreu","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biof\u00edsica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes Universidade Do Estado Do Rio de Janeiro  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adenilson","family":"de Souza da Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biof\u00edsica e Biometria, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes Universidade Do Estado Do Rio de Janeiro  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"},{"name":"Departamento de Ci\u00eancias Fisiol\u00f3gicas, Instituto Biom\u00e9dico Universidade Federal Do Estado Do Rio de Janeiro  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"},{"name":"Centro de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade Centro Universit\u00e1rio Serra dos 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