{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T03:58:36Z","timestamp":1777521516554,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,7,24]],"date-time":"2001-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":995932800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":204,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Biomed. Mater. Res."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The effects of filler composition and surface treatment of titanium dioxide (TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) on the shear bond strength to noble metal and mechanical properties of opaque dental resin composites were assessed. A series of fillers for resin composites were prepared with untreated TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> or treated silica\/alumina\u2010coated TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> with silane coupling agent; these fillers were replaced with silanized SiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> in increasing amounts. Each of various powder compositions were mixed with the liquid and applied to the surface of a silver\u2010palladium\u2010copper\u2010gold (Ag\u2010Pd\u2010Cu\u2010Au) alloy and light cured. A light\u2010activated resin\u2010veneering composite material was placed on top with the use of a brass ring mold and light cured. Specimens were stored at 37 \u00b0C in water for a period of 24 h. Additionally some specimens were thermocycled at 4 \u00b0C and 60 \u00b0C in water baths for 1 min each for 5000 cycles before shear mode testing was performed. Light\u2010activated opaque resin composites containing filler with specific filler compositions of 50 wt% of untreated TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u201450 wt% of silanized SiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (untreated TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>50) and 40 wt% of untreated TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u201460 wt% of silanized SiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (untreated TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>40) showed higher shear bond strengths to the Ag\u2010Pd\u2010Cu\u2010Au alloy than any other specific compositions when no thermocycling was involved. Surface treatment of TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> filler and TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>50\u2010 and TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>40\u2010opaque resin composites prepared thereof showed significantly higher shear bond strengths than untreated TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>50\u2010 and TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>40\u2010opaque resin composites when subjected to thermocycling. Surface\u2010treated opaque resin composite had significantly higher compressive and flexural strength than untreated opaque resin composite after immersion in water for 1 month. Scanning electron microscopy of the fractured opaque resin composite surface showed an interface failure between TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and the matrix resin for untreated composite, and cohesive failure within the resin for surface\u2010treated composite. Surface\u2010treated TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>50 and TiO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>40 may be clinically useful as the filler for light\u2010activated opaque dental resin composites. \u00a9 2001 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res (Appl Biomater) 58: 525\u2013530, 2001<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.1050","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,10,28]],"date-time":"2004-10-28T03:38:17Z","timestamp":1098934697000},"page":"525-530","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Effects of filler composition and surface treatment on the characteristics of opaque resin composites"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Keiichi","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mika","family":"Tanagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mitsuru","family":"Atsuta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3913(90)90293-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2842.1992.tb01578.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","first-page":"22","article-title":"The bond strengths of veneering resins to metal frameworks","volume":"86","author":"Hasegawa J","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Jpn Dent Eng"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2186\/jjps.34.978"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","first-page":"380","article-title":"Factors affecting of the durability of the bond strength of resin veneers to a dental alloy","volume":"18","author":"Komoriyama M","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Jpn Soc Dent Mater Devices"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1963.0010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","series-title":"Reports of the Research Institute of Dental Materials","first-page":"629","author":"Hirasawa T","year":"1965"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/002199836700100304"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0109-5641(87)80068-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0109-5641(92)90069-O"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345900690030301"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0109-5641(89)90128-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345850640121501"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","first-page":"583","article-title":"Physical properties of light\u2010cured opaque resin. 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