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Surface analyses by X\u2010ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Auger electron spectroscopy showed surprisingly that synovial fluid produced a thin oxide\/hydroxide layer. Release of ions into solution from the alloy also followed an unexpected pattern where synovial fluid, of all the samples, had the highest Cr concentration but the lowest Co concentration. The presence of carbide inclusions in the alloy did not affect the corrosion or the dissolution mechanisms, although the carbides were a significant feature on the metal surface. Only one mechanism was recognized as controlling the thickness of the oxide\/hydroxide interface. The analysis of the dissolved metal showed two mechanisms at work: (1) a protein film caused ligand\u2010induced dissolution, increasing the Cr concentration in synovial fluid, and was explained by the equilibrium constants; (2) corrosion at the interface increased the Co in PBS. The effect of prepassivating the samples (ASTM F\u201086\u201001) did not always have the desired effect of reducing dissolution. The release of Cr into PBS increased after prepassivation. The metal\u2013synovial fluid interface did not contain calcium phosphate as a deposit, typically found where samples are exposed to calcium rich bodily fluids. \u00a9 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2005<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.30368","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,17]],"date-time":"2005-05-17T16:47:38Z","timestamp":1116348458000},"page":"456-467","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":92,"title":["Effect of synovial fluid, phosphate\u2010buffered saline solution, and water on the dissolution and corrosion properties of CoCrMo alloys as used in orthopedic implants"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"73A","author":[{"given":"A. 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