{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T18:59:12Z","timestamp":1785351552399,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,7,6]],"date-time":"2007-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1183680000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Biomedical Materials Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Quaternized chitosan\/layered silicate nanocomposite was prepared by simple solution\u2010mixing in aqueous media. Montmorillonite (MMT) modified with cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide was used as an organically modified layered silicate. XRD and TEM analyses respectively confirmed that silicate layers of MMT were intercalated and nicely distributed in quaternized chitosan matrix in despite of the high content of MMT (25\u201350 wt %). The interactions between the quaternized chitosan macromolecules and MMT in aqueous media were analyzed using FTIR, XRD, and \u03b6\u2010potential measurements. Antimicrobial studies showed that the nanocomposites could strongly inhibit the growth of a wide variety of microorganisms, including Gram\u2010positive bacteria, Gram\u2010negative bacteria, and fungi; more importantly, they exhibited good antimicrobial capacity in whichever medium, in weak acid, water, or weak base. As the amount of MMT increased, the nanocomposites had better inhibitory effect on microorganisms, especially Gram\u2010positive bacteria. The lowest minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) value of the nanocomposites against <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>Bacillus subtilis<\/jats:italic> were less than 0.00313% (w\/v) under all the conditions. The adsorption action of MMT on bacteria was simply discussed via SEM images. The results revealed that the strong antimicrobial of the nanocomposites may be attributed to the fine dispersion and the interaction between quaternized chitosan and MMT. \u00a9 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 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