{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T12:10:29Z","timestamp":1738843829500,"version":"3.37.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,18]],"date-time":"2008-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1229558400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Biomedical Materials Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Oral naltrexone is used to treat alcohol and heroin dependence but is associated with poor patient compliance. Sustained\u2010release preparations have been developed to overcome noncompliance. Many sustained\u2010release preparations are composed of polymers combined with naltrexone. Limited data indicate that polymers induce variable levels of tissue reactivity and that naltrexone may increase this effect. A slow\u2010release subcutaneous naltrexone\u2010poly (<jats:sc>DL<\/jats:sc>\u2010lactide) implant is currently being trialed to treat heroin dependence in Western Australia. A minority of women fall pregnant and, although tissue reactivity in nonpregnant humans is relatively minor, detailed chronological data during pregnancy are lacking. Histological changes in pregnant rats were assessed; a single active tablet containing poly[trans\u20103,6\u2010dimethyl\u20101,4\u2010dioxyane\u20102,5\u2010dione] (<jats:sc>DL<\/jats:sc>\u2010lactide) loaded with 25 mg of naltrexone was implanted subcutaneously, and tissue response was compared with inactive polymer implantation. Rats were timed mated at 13\u201326 days postimplant. Tissue assessment up to 75 days by a pathologist showed that naltrexone induced chronic inflammatory response in a dose\u2010dependent manner, although still at a low level. Furthermore, for inactive implants, minimal foreign body reaction and fibrosis, together with low\u2010level inflammation, suggested good long\u2010term biocompatibility. We conclude that the Australian naltrexone\u2010poly(<jats:sc>DL<\/jats:sc>\u2010lactide) implant is tolerated in pregnant rats, reinforcing its potential role for managing alcohol and heroin dependence in pregnant humans. \u00a9 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2009<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.32283","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,24]],"date-time":"2008-12-24T23:33:01Z","timestamp":1230161581000},"page":"964-974","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Minor pathological changes are induced by naltrexone\u2010poly(<scp>DL<\/scp>\u2010lactide) implants in pregnant rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"91A","author":[{"given":"W. O.","family":"Farid","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"McCallum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. J.","family":"Tait","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. A.","family":"Dunlop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G. K.","family":"Hulse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","first-page":"27","article-title":"The effects of naltrexone in the chronic spinal dog and acute spinal cat; possible interaction with naturally\u2010occurring morphine\u2010like agonists","volume":"9","author":"Martin W","year":"1976","journal-title":"NIDA Res Monogr"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-894X(01)00278-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09595230412331289464"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0173(01)00160-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13556210220139541"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002130100909"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-244X-5-18"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ALC.0000130804.08397.29"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.1999.tb123493.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1991.tb01859.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ALC.0000139823.30096.52"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300274"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600640239"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","first-page":"194","article-title":"Development of drug delivery systems for use in treatment of narcotic addiction","volume":"28","author":"Sharon AC","year":"1981","journal-title":"NIDA Res Monogr"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/clpt.1984.243"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-3659(90)90057-Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.293.13.1617"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13556210410001674112"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0004-8666.2003.00121.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-3659(98)00178-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-3659(92)90085-6"},{"volume-title":"Tolerability Study of a Depot Form of Naltrexone Substance Abusers","year":"1995","author":"Alim TN","key":"e_1_2_7_23_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_2","first-page":"532","article-title":"Sustained release injectable naltrexone microcapsules","volume":"105","author":"Nuwayser ES","year":"1990","journal-title":"NIDA Res Monogr"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2005.08.001"},{"volume-title":"MIMS Bi\u2010Monthly","year":"2005","author":"Caswell A","key":"e_1_2_7_26_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0004-8666.2002.548_14.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/156856206777346340"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2346.2000.00733.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0952-8180(02)00505-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1134\/S0012496606020013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.83.18.7114"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2006.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jcpa.2001.0539"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.8755-8920.2001.460201.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.npp.1300248"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0160-5402(91)90047-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.1043"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.30481"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9861(19990830)411:3<359::AID-CNE1>3.0.CO;2-J"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03639040500388466"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000115306"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7777856"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pnpbp.2007.06.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2004.01.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-6343.2005.00336.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(97)80355-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00952997509005661"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-9556(25)07782-7","article-title":"Naltrexone disposition in man after subcutaneous administration","volume":"12","author":"Wall ME","year":"1984","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-9556(25)06015-5","article-title":"Disposition of (15,16\u20133H)naltrexone in the central nervous system of the rat","volume":"4","author":"Misra AL","year":"1976","journal-title":"Drug Metab Dispos"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)25052-2","article-title":"Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of subcutaneous naltrexone pellets in the rat","volume":"237","author":"Yoburn BC","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-3659(93)90169-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/156856295X00175"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_54_2","first-page":"665","article-title":"Bioresorbable fracture fixation in orthopedics: A comprehensive review. Part I. Basic science and preclinical studies","volume":"26","author":"Simon JA","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Orthop"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1994.2071"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1995.1597"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1995.1538"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1189\/jlb.71.5.782"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acpain.2004.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)39466-8","article-title":"Suppression of peritoneal macrophage phagocytosis of Candida albicans by opioids","volume":"267","author":"Szabo I","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.2.360"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0162-3109(94)90026-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-5728(96)00017-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0198-8859(02)00396-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1995.03520480053039"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_66_2","first-page":"27","article-title":"A human placental GH: Increasing levels during second half of pregnancy with pituitary GH suppression as revealed by monoclonal antibody radioimmunoassays","volume":"30","author":"Hennen G","year":"1985","journal-title":"Int J Fertil"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0891693031000067287"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.1998.tb00405.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0167-5699(97)01127-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(03)00331-1"}],"container-title":["Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjbm.a.32283","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jbm.a.32283","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T11:12:59Z","timestamp":1738840379000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jbm.a.32283"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,18]]},"references-count":69,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jbm.a.32283"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbm.a.32283","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1549-3296","1552-4965"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1549-3296"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1552-4965"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,18]]}}}