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For this purpose, nanostructured polypyrrole (PPy) incorporating antibiotics and anti\u2010inflammatory drugs (penicillin\/streptomycin (P\/S) or dexamethasone (Dex), respectively) were coated on commercially pure titanium through an easy to use electrochemical deposition method. As shown in our previous study, about 80% (compared with initial amount) of these incorporated drugs were released after electrical stimulation spanning five cycles (voltage was varied between \u22121 V and 1 V). In a further continuation of this work, nanostructured P\/S incorporated PPy coatings on titanium were demonstrated to be bactericidal against <jats:italic>Staphylococcus epidermis<\/jats:italic> after 1 h, and when incorporated with Dex, inhibited macrophage (an inflammatory and immune response cell) growth after 8 and 13 h of <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> culture. Moreover, nanostructured PPy\u2010drug films coated on titanium enhanced osteoblast (bone forming cells) proliferation, while at the same time, suppressed fibroblast (fibrous tissue forming cells) proliferation for up to 5 days. After electrical stimulation, antimicrobial and anti\u2010inflammatory\u2010coated devices yielded lower bacteria colonies and macrophage growth compared with unincorporated\u2010drug PPy films (controls). This study, thus, suggests that drug incorporated nanostructured PPy coatings on titanium are capable of effectively treating potential orthopedic implant infection and inflammation, and lays the foundation for the further development of local and controllable on\u2010demand drug delivery coatings to improve orthopedic implant efficacy. \u00a9 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 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