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A heterogeneous polymerization technique was utilized to prepare microcapsules containing either an aqueous solution of K<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>HPO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>, Ca(NO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, or NaF. Six different polyurethane\u2010based microcapsule shells were prepared and characterized based on ethylene glycol, butanediol, hexanediol, octanediol, triethylene glycol, and bisphenol A structural units. Ion release profiles were measured as a function of initial ion concentration within the microcapsule, ion type, and microcapsule chemical structure. The rate of ion release increased with initial concentration of ion stored in the microcapsule over a range of 0.5\u20133.0<jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>. The monomer used in the synthesis of the membrane had a significant effect on ion release rates at 3.0<jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic> salt concentration. At 1.0<jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>, the ethylene glycol released ions significantly faster than the hexanediol\u2010, octanediol\u2010, and butanediol\u2010based microcapsules. Ion release was fastest for fluoride and slowest for phosphate for the salts used in this study. It was concluded that the microcapsules are capable of releasing calcium, phosphate, and fluoride ions in their biologically available form. \u00a9 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 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