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BMMSCs isolated from transgenic rats expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (eGFP) were expanded and seeded on a chitosan\u2013gelatin scaffold. These constructs were cultured for three days and characterized by scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS). Receptor rats received the implant in the left sockets, after upper first\u2010molar extraction. Right alveoli served as control. Animals were sacrificed at days 5, 21, and 35 post\u2010graft for examination. Morphometry demonstrated increased bone mineralization after 21 and 35 days in transplanted sockets. Migration, differentiation, and fate of eGFP\u2010labeled BMMSCs were monitored by immunohistochemistry. Tartrate\u2010resistant acid phosphatase staining (TRAP) was carried out at 21 days, to identify the involvement of osteoclastic cells in the scaffold resorption. The biomaterial was resorbed by TRAP\u2010negative giant cells in a typical foreign body reaction. Immunohistochemical findings showed that BMMSCs contributed to bone, epithelial, and vascular repair. Together, results indicate that BMMSCs loaded in the chitosan\u2013gelatin scaffold is a strategy for tissue development in bone engineering. \u00a9 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A 100A:2775\u20132786, 2012.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.34214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,24]],"date-time":"2012-05-24T07:33:23Z","timestamp":1337844803000},"page":"2775-2786","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Mesenchymal stem cells associated with porous chitosan\u2013gelatin scaffold: A potential strategy for alveolar bone regeneration"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"100A","author":[{"given":"Suzana C. C. C.","family":"Miranda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerluza A. 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