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In this work, the effects of the annealing temperature, applied load, and porosity on the tribological behavior and wear resistance of three\u2010dimensional porous NiTi SMA are investigated systematically. The porous structure and phase transformation during the exothermic process affect the tribological properties and wear mechanism significantly. In general, a larger porosity leads to better tribological resistance but sometimes, SMAs with small porosity possess better wear resistance than ones with higher porosity during the initial sliding stage. It can be ascribed to the better superelasticity of the former at the test temperature. The porous NiTi phase during the exothermic reaction also plays an important role in the wear resistance. Generally, porous NiTi has smaller friction coefficients under high loads due to stress\u2010induced superelasticity. The wear mechanism is discussed based on plastic deformation and microcrack propagation. \u00a9 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 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