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This leads especially in patients with osteoporosis to worsening contact between implant and bone and can finally lead to implant failure. To improve these properties, a calcium silicate cement (CSC) was prepared, which additionally contained the bisphosphonate risedronate (RA) to promote osteoblast function. Cement setting rate and compressive strength were measured and found to be reduced by RA above 0.5 wt%. X\u2010ray diffraction, Rietveld refinement analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and porosity measurements by gas sorption revealed that RA reduces calcium silicate hydrate gel formation and changes the cement's microstructure. Cumulative release profiles of RA from CSC up to 6 months into phosphate buffer solution were analyzed by high\u2010performance liquid chromatography, and the results were compared with theoretical release curves obtained from the Higuchi equation. Fourier transform infrared spectra measurements and drug release studies indicate that calcium\u2013RA formed within the cement, from which the drug can be slowly released over time. An investigation of the cytotoxicity of the RA\u2010CSC systems upon osteoblast\u2010like cells showed no toxic effects of concentrations up to 2%. The delivery of RA from within a CSC might thus be a valuable and biocompatible new approach to locally deliver RA and to reconstruct and\/or repair osteoporosis\u2010related bone fractures. \u00a9 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 102A: 2295\u20132304, 2014.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.34908","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,8,14]],"date-time":"2013-08-14T11:58:41Z","timestamp":1376481521000},"page":"2295-2304","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Preparation, characterization, release kinetics, and <i>in vitro<\/i> cytotoxicity of calcium silicate cement as a risedronate delivery system"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"102","author":[{"given":"Tianxing","family":"Gong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Engineering University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada V6T1Z4"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiqin","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Safety Evaluation Center of Shenyang Research Institute of Chemical Industry Ltd. 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