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The aim of this study is to analyze the cellular localization of TLR2 and NLRP3 inflammasomes in the periprosthetic tissue from aseptically loose hip implants as well as the expression of these molecules in macrophages stimulated<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>with titanium particles (Ti) coated with lipoteichoic acid (LTA). Using immunohistochemistry, immunoreactivity of TLR2 and NLRP3 inflammasomes was found in macrophages within the foreign body granulomatosis. Using RAW264.7 cells, stimulation with Ti increased the messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of TLR2 and TNF\u2010\u03b1. Stimulation with LTA\u2010coated Ti enhanced mRNA levels of NLRP3 and IL\u20101\u03b2, whereas reinforced secretion of IL\u20101\u03b2 was not detected in spite of marked release of TNF\u2010\u03b1. Finally, the same cells with silenced Irak2, an adaptor protein in the TLR2 cascade, suppressed this NLRP3 upregulation. This study suggests that TLR2 and NLRP3 inflammasomes are factors involved in cross\u2010talk mediating the foreign body type response to wear particles. In addition, discrepant behavior in the release between TNF\u2010\u03b1 and IL\u20101\u03b2 release may explain the variable pathomechanisms of aseptic implant loosening without acute inflammatory reactions. \u00a9 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 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