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Based on indirect evidence in previous studies we hypothesize that such agents are liberated gradually from the coating via a cell\u2010mediated degradation. In the present study, we tested this hypothesis by investigating the release mechanism and its kinetics by use of a radiolabeled osteogenic agent (<jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup>I\u2010BMP\u20102) under conditions in which native cell populations with a coating\u2010degradative potential were either absent or present. The release of <jats:sup>131<\/jats:sup>I\u2010BMP\u20102 was monitored for 5 weeks, either <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> or after implantation at an ectopic (subcutaneous) site in rats <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>. Only from implants that bore a coating\u2010incorporated depot of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP\u20102) was the agent released slowly and steadily over 5 weeks, that is, 50% of the loaded dose was liberated <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> (5 to 10% weekly), as against 14.6% <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> (less than 1% weekly). The coatings bearing an incorporated depot of BMP\u20102 underwent significant cell\u2010mediated degradation, whereas under cell\u2010free conditions no degradation occurred, and the spontaneous release of BMP\u20102 was negligible. Our findings confirm this carrier system to be a suitable vehicle for the sustained and cell\u2010mediated delivery of BMP\u20102. \u00a9 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 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