{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T10:01:36Z","timestamp":1771927296769,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,14]],"date-time":"2018-05-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1526256000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Swedish Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["621\u20102014\u20103700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["621\u20102014\u20103700"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Swedish Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["E0370001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E0370001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003744","name":"Hjalmar Svensson Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003744","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Biomedical Materials Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Osteoporosis is a major cause of age\u2010related fractures. Healing complications in osteoporotic patients are often associated with increased mortality and morbidity. Stimulation of the implant\u2010adjacent bone could be beneficial in terms of the surgical outcome. Over the past decade, numerous investigations have implicated insulin in normal bone growth, and recent studies have described the advantages of administering insulin locally to increase bone formation. Therefore, we hypothesized that insulin\u2010coated titanium implants would increase bone formation in osteoporotic animals. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of insulin delivered from an implant surface on bone\u2010related gene expression and bone formation in osteoporotic rats. Characterizations of the surfaces of insulin\u2010coated and control implants were performed using ellipsometry and interferometry. Forty ovariectomized and four healthy Sprague Dawley rats were used and implants were inserted in the tibias. The systemic effect of insulin was assessed by measuring the blood glucose levels and total body weight. The animals were sacrificed either 1 day or 3 weeks postimplantation. Implant\u2010adherent cells were analyzed by quantitative real\u2010time PCR, and the bone adjacent to the implants was examined by microcomputed tomography and histomorphometry. The insulin\u2010coated implants had no systemic effects. The insulin\u2010coated samples demonstrated significantly lower expression of the gene for interleukin 1\u03b2 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.019) at 1 day, and significantly exhibited more periosteal callus (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.029) at 3 weeks. Locally delivered insulin has potential for promoting bone formation and it exerts potentially anti\u2010inflammatory effects in osteoporotic rats. \u00a9 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 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