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Bead free randomly oriented nanofiber\/net (NFN) structure composed of chitosan and polycaprolactone (PCL) was fabricated by electrospinning method. The low surface roughness, good hydrophilicity, and high porosity were obtained from the NFN structure. Then, the PCL\/chitosan nanofiber\/net was coated with a microlayer of alginate containing neurotrophin\u20103 (NT\u20103) and conjunctiva mesenchymal stem cells (CJMSCs) as a new stem cell source. According to the cross\u2010sectional FESEM, the scaffold shows a two\u2010layer structure with interconnected pores in the range of 20\u2009\u03bcm diameter. The finding revealed that the surface modification of nanofiber\/net by alginate hydrogel microlayer caused lower inflammatory response and higher proliferation of CJMSCs than the unmodified scaffold. The initial burst release of NT\u20103 was 69% in 3\u2009days which followed by a sustained release up to 21\u2009days. The RT\u2010PCR analysis showed that the expression of Nestin, MAP\u20102, and \u03b2\u2010tubulin III genes were increased 6, 5.4, and 8.8\u2010fold, respectively. The results revealed that the surface\u2010modified biomimetic scaffold possesses enhanced biocompatibility and could successfully differentiate CJMSCs to the neuron\u2010like cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.37208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]],"date-time":"2021-06-15T11:22:38Z","timestamp":1623756158000},"page":"2237-2254","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Surface modification of neurotrophin\u20103 loaded PCL\/chitosan nanofiber\/net by alginate hydrogel microlayer for enhanced biocompatibility in neural tissue engineering"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"109","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8340-8807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mina","family":"Habibizadeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Biomaterials School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences  Zanjan Iran"},{"name":"Student 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