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Fabrication of biomimetic tracheal scaffolds of suitable materials with matched rigidity, enhanced flexibility and biocompatibility has been a major challenge in the field of tracheal reconstruction. In this study, customized tubular grafts made up of FDA\u2010approved polycaprolactone () and polyurethane () were fabricated using a novel solvent\u2010based extrusion 3D printing. The printed scaffolds were investigated by various physical, thermal, and mechanical characterizations such as contact angle measurement, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), radial compression, longitudinal compression, and cyclic radial compression. In this study, the native goat trachea was used as a reference for the fabrication of different types of scaffolds (cylindrical, bellow\u2010shaped, and spiral\u2010shaped). The mechanical properties of the goat trachea were also compared to find suitable formulations of . Spiral\u2010shaped scaffolds were found to be an ideal shape based on longitudinal compression and torsion load maintaining clear patency. To check the long\u2010term implantation, in vitro degradation test was performed for all the 3D printed scaffolds and it was found that blending of  with  reduced the degradation behavior. The printed scaffolds were further evaluated for biocompatibility assay, live\/dead assay, and cell adhesion assay using bone marrow\u2010derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). From biomechanical and biological assessments,  of spiral\u2010shaped scaffolds could be a suitable candidate for the development of tracheal regenerative applications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.37458","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,10]],"date-time":"2022-10-10T12:48:19Z","timestamp":1665406099000},"page":"278-293","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["A facile <scp>3D<\/scp> bio\u2010fabrication of customized tubular scaffolds using solvent\u2010based extrusion printing for tissue\u2010engineered tracheal grafts"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0992-486X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rudranarayan","family":"Kandi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Delhi  New Delhi 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