{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,11]],"date-time":"2026-05-11T01:21:51Z","timestamp":1778462511214,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,2]],"date-time":"2023-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1677715200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000041","name":"American Diabetes Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1\u201018\u2010JDF\u2010011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1\u201018\u2010JDF\u2010011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000041","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30DK116074"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30DK116074"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000062","name":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01DK119254"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01DK119254"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000062","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Biomedical Materials Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The introduction of transcutaneous and subcutaneous implants and devices into the human body instigates fouling and foreign body responses (FBRs) that limit their functional lifetimes. Polymer coatings are a promising solution to improve the biocompatibility of such implants, with potential to enhance in vivo device performance and prolong device lifetime. Here we sought to develop novel materials for use as coatings on subcutaneously implanted devices to reduce the FBR and local tissue inflammation in comparison to gold standard materials such as poly(ethylene glycol) and polyzwitterions. We prepared a library of polyacrylamide\u2010based copolymer hydrogels, which were selected from materials previously shown to exhibit remarkable antifouling properties with blood and plasma, and implanted them into the subcutaneous space of mice to evaluate their biocompatibility over the course of 1\u2009month. The top performing polyacrylamide\u2010based copolymer hydrogel material, comprising a 50:50 mixture of\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010(2\u2010hydroxyethyl)acrylamide (HEAm) and\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010(3\u2010methoxypropyl)acrylamide (MPAm), exhibited significantly better biocompatibility and lower tissue inflammation than gold standard materials. Moreover, when applied to polydimethylsiloxane disks or silicon catheters as a thin coating (45\u2009\u00b1\u20091\u00a0\u03bcm), this leading copolymer hydrogel coating significantly improved implant biocompatibility. Using a rat model of insulin\u2010deficient diabetes, we showed that insulin pumps fitted with HEAm\u2010\n                    <jats:italic>co<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010MPAm hydrogel\u2010coated insulin infusion catheters exhibited improved biocompatibility and extended functional lifetime over pumps fitted with industry standard catheters. These polyacrylamide\u2010based copolymer hydrogel coatings have the potential to improve device function and lifetime, thereby reducing the burden of disease management for people regularly using implanted devices.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.37521","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,2]],"date-time":"2023-03-02T05:36:09Z","timestamp":1677735369000},"page":"910-920","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Polyacrylamide\u2010based hydrogel coatings improve biocompatibility of implanted pump devices"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Doreen","family":"Chan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Stanford University  Stanford California USA"},{"name":"Department of Materials Science &amp; Engineering Stanford University  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6214-1226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caitlin L.","family":"Maikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science &amp; Engineering Stanford University  Stanford California USA"},{"name":"Department of Bioengineering Stanford University  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4204-8219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea I.","family":"d'Aquino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science &amp; Engineering Stanford University  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shyam S.","family":"Raghavan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Megan L.","family":"Troxell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology University of Virginia  Charlottesville Virginia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2301-7126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric A.","family":"Appel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Materials Science &amp; Engineering Stanford University  Stanford California USA"},{"name":"Department of Bioengineering Stanford University  Stanford California USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics (Endocrinology) Stanford University School of Medicine  Stanford California USA"},{"name":"Woods Institute for the Environment Stanford University  Stanford California USA"},{"name":"ChEM\u2010H Institute Stanford University  Stanford California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pi.2319"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb8040044"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v3.i1.52"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2018.07.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/156802608783790901"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibtech.2013.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.2005.11.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ma8095269"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/193229680800200504"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","unstructured":"LillyE.Humalog (insulin lispro) [package insert]. 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