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This study developed a series of photocurable hydrogel inks based on chitooligosaccharide (COS)\u2010polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) for <jats:italic>extrusion\u2010based 3D printing of bone tissue scaffolds. The scaffolds were prepared by aza\u2010Michael addition of COS and PEGDA followed by photopolymerisation of unreacted PEGDA<\/jats:italic>. The hydrogel inks <jats:italic>showed<\/jats:italic> sufficient shear thinning properties required for extrusion 3D printing. <jats:italic>The printed scaffolds exhibited<\/jats:italic> excellent shape fidelity and fine microstructure with a resolution of 250\u2009\u03bcm. By increasing the COS content, the swelling ratio of the scaffolds decreased, while the compressive strength increased. 3D printed COS\u2010PEGDA scaffolds showed high viability of human bone mesenchymal stem cells in vitro. In addition, scaffolds containing 2\u2009wt% COS showed significantly higher alkaline phosphatase activity, calcium deposition, and bioactivity in simulated body fluid compared to the control (PEGDA). 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