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However, reliable platforms to assess the tumor\u2010targeting efficiency, penetration capabilities, and therapeutic effectiveness of drug\u2010laden macrophages remain largely unavailable. In this study, we developed a three\u2010dimensional (3D) cell culture platform that mimics the structural and biological complexity of in\u00a0vivo tumors, enabling real\u2010time observation and analysis of M\u03d5\u2010Lip as they migrate, penetrate, and exert anti\u2010tumor effects. Beyond evaluating the delivery process, this work focuses on the rational design and optimization of dosage regimens for co\u2010delivering cisplatin (CDDP) and paclitaxel (Taxol) using M\u03d5\u2010Lip. Experimental results demonstrated that the drugs encapsulated within the liposomes influenced the invasive behavior of M\u03d5\u2010Lip, which in turn impacted their tumor\u2010killing efficiency. Using this 3D cell culture platform, we identified optimal dosage regimens for co\u2010delivering combination chemotherapy drugs through the M\u03d5\u2010Lip. This newly developed approach provides a reliable and versatile tool not only for evaluating but also for fine\u2010tuning cell\u2010based drug delivery strategies. It holds significant promise for advancing targeted chemotherapy strategies and improving therapeutic outcomes for solid tumors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.37939","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]],"date-time":"2025-05-29T10:18:39Z","timestamp":1748513919000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A <scp>3D<\/scp> Cell Culture Platform for Evaluating Macrophage\u2010Liposome Conjugates in Combination Chemotherapy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"Chia\u2010Chen","family":"Kuo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Applied Sciences Academia Sinica  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei\u2010Yu","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital  Taipei Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine 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