{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,25]],"date-time":"2026-10-25T02:52:16Z","timestamp":1792896736773,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750723200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750723200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003995","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2308085MH279"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2308085MH279"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003995","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Biomedical Materials Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Currently, autologous nerve (AN) transplantation remains the gold standard for treating peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs). However, its inherent limitations, including donor site morbidity and immune rejection risks associated with allografts, have prompted the exploration of alternative therapeutic strategies. Among these, tissue engineering approaches have gained significant attention, with nerve conduit design emerging as a particularly promising research direction. Electrospinning technology has been widely adopted for its ability to fabricate nanofibrous scaffolds that closely mimic the native extracellular matrix. In this study, we engineered an aligned nanofiber conduit utilizing polylactic acid and gelatin through electrospinning, and integrated a sodium alginate hydrogel enriched with Schwann cells (SCs) and neural stem cells (NSCs) via coaxial bioprinting. The three\u2010dimensional (3D) hydrogel microenvironment facilitated synergistic interactions between SCs and NSCs, augmenting the secretion of neurotrophic factors such as brain\u2010derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and nerve growth factor (NGF). A dynamic perfusion culture system was further employed to optimize cell viability and functionality. In\u00a0vivo studies revealed that the implantation of this conduit in a sciatic nerve defect model markedly enhanced motor function recovery, nerve regeneration, and muscle morphology. These improvements were substantiated by an increased sciatic functional index (SFI), heightened expression of S\u2010100 and NF\u2010200, and greater myelin thickness and axon diameter. Although the efficacy of the 3D\u2010aligned nanofiber conduit cocultured with SCs and NSCs approximated that of AN transplantation, further research is imperative to identify more efficient seed cells and biocompatible 3D carriers to achieve optimal nerve regeneration. This study highlights the potential of tissue\u2010engineered nerve conduits as a viable alternative for PNI repair, paving the way for future advancements in the field.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.37943","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T05:26:37Z","timestamp":1750742797000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Coaxial Bioprinting of Schwann Cells and Neural Stem Cells in a Three\u2010Dimensional Microenvironment for the Repair of Peripheral Nerve Defects"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"113","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9148-5485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuanzhi","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of China  Hefei Anhui China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital University of Electronic Science and Technology of China  Chengdu People's Republic of China"},{"name":"Center for Bio\u2010Intelligent Manufacturing and Living Matter Bioprinting, Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen Tsinghua University  Shenzhen People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine University of Science and Technology of China  Hefei Anhui 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