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This study looks into how Cu\/Zn co\u2010doping affects the structural, electrical, and biological performance of hydroxyapatite (Ca<jats:sub>10\u2010x\u2010y<\/jats:sub>Zn<jats:sub>x<\/jats:sub>Cu<jats:sub>y<\/jats:sub>(PO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>)<jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>(OH)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>; x\u2009=\u2009y\u2009=\u20090.2\u20131.2), which was synthesized through a solid\u2010state reaction. Among the samples, the CZ6 composition (x\u2009=\u2009y\u2009=\u20090.6) showed the best properties. It had a single\u2010phase hexagonal structure, a nanoscale crystallite size of about 32\u2009nm, a d\u2010spacing of 0.27\u2009nm along the (112) plane, and a grain size that ranged from 300 to 1200\u2009nm while still keeping the proper composition. Electrical tests showed that CZ6 had the highest dielectric constant of 14.06 at 1\u2009MHz. It maintained a low and stable loss tangent (~0.01), lower grain boundary resistance, and improved AC conductivity (from 10<jats:sup>\u22127<\/jats:sup> to 10<jats:sup>\u22126<\/jats:sup>\u2009S\/cm), indicating better charge transport. These electrical enhancements correlate strongly with improved biological responses. CZ6 displayed strong apatite formation in simulated body fluid, the highest BSA protein adsorption of 25.05\u2009\u03bcg\/mL, and an optimized zeta potential of \u221230.54\u2009mV, which facilitates enhanced biomolecular interactions. Cytocompatibility tests with PSVK\u20101 (skin keratinocytes) and Wi\u201038 (lung fibroblasts) confirmed that cell viability remained high at all concentrations. While higher levels of dopants led to the formation of secondary phases and diminished biological responses, CZ6 kept a good balance between electroactivity and biofunctionality. These findings make CZ6 a promising electroactive bioceramic for bone tissue engineering, smart implant coatings, and bioelectret scaffolds, where combining electrical responsiveness with cellular compatibility is important.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.37976","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,15]],"date-time":"2025-08-15T18:05:43Z","timestamp":1755281143000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Multifunctional Characteristics of Cu\/Zn Co\u2010Doped Hydroxyapatite: Enhanced Electrical, Surface, and Biocompatibility"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"M. Durga","family":"Ganesh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Thin Film Laboratory, Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG)  Guwahati India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mukesh Kumar","family":"Manickasamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG)  Guwahati India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Joel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thin Film Laboratory, Department of Physics Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati (IITG)  Guwahati India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dasari","family":"Kalyani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology University College of Science &amp; Technology, Adikavi Nannaya University  Rajamahendravaram 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