{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T13:49:34Z","timestamp":1782568174044,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008530","name":"European Regional Development Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008530","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Biomedical Materials Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Customized implant approaches are emerging to meet specific patient needs while minimizing complications. Despite advances in osseointegrated implants, issues such as excessive bone loading, bacterial infiltration, peri\u2010implantitis, and bone loss persist. Bioinspired designs with customized geometries and surfaces that promote fibrointegration, inspired by the periodontal ligament of a natural tooth, are increasingly recognized as a promising strategy. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of bioinspired zirconia surfaces to promote adhesion and guide the orientation of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (hPLFs). Zirconia specimens with internal microchannels and an external porous coating were designed to mimic dentinal tubules and cementum\u2010like features. Fabrication was performed using CAD\/CAM CNC milling, followed by dip coating with zirconia suspensions. Microstructural characterization was carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). hPLFs were cultured on the surfaces under a medium gradient (2% vs. 10% FBS) to induce migration from the porous exterior toward the channeled interior. Electrical impedance spectroscopy (1\u2013100\u2009kHz, Gamry system) was used to complement cell viability results and to better understand fibroblast behavior, considering the combined contributions of the cell layer, the culture medium, and the electrode\u2010electrolyte interface. Specimens with 322\u2009\u00b1\u20097.86\u2009\u03bcm channels and porous coatings (167.04\u2009\u00b1\u200951.87\u2009\u03bcm thickness, 9% porosity) were produced. All were biocompatible, with the highest proliferation observed on specimens combining channels and porosity. SEM analysis revealed fibroblasts embedded within the porous layer, with spindle\u2010like extensions anchoring and extending toward channels. Channel\u2010porous specimens also exhibited the highest impedance after 3\u2009days, suggesting enhanced attachment, migration, and spreading. These findings indicate that channel\u2010porous zirconia surfaces enhance fibroblast adhesion and spreading in\u00a0vitro, supporting their potential to guide structured cell organization. This bioinspired design represents an initial proof of concept for improving soft tissue interactions at the implant interface, paving the way for future fibrointegrative implant concepts such as root\u2010analogue dental implants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.70071","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T06:39:50Z","timestamp":1776235190000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["In Vitro Evaluation of Periodontal Fibroblast Response to Bioinspired Porous Channel\u2010Embedded Zirconia Surfaces"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Joana","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Micro\u2010Electro Mechanical Systems (CMEMS\u2010UMinho) University of Minho  Guimar\u00e3es Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuela","family":"Proen\u00e7a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Micro\u2010Electro Mechanical Systems (CMEMS\u2010UMinho) University of Minho  Guimar\u00e3es Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3222-4856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fl\u00e1vio","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Micro\u2010Electro Mechanical Systems (CMEMS\u2010UMinho) University of Minho  Guimar\u00e3es Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diego","family":"Chaves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), Textile Engineering Department University of Minho  Guimar\u00e3es Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana P.","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Textile Science and Technology (2C2T), Textile Engineering Department University of Minho  Guimar\u00e3es Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7785-2282","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lia","family":"Rimondini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, CAAD, Department of Health Sciences Universit\u00e0 del Piemonte Orientale  Novara Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Gasik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering Aalto University Foundation  Aalto, Espoo Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filipe S.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Micro\u2010Electro Mechanical Systems (CMEMS\u2010UMinho) University of Minho  Guimar\u00e3es Portugal"},{"name":"LABBELS\u2014Associate Laboratory  Braga, Guimar\u00e3es Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Madeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Micro\u2010Electro Mechanical Systems (CMEMS\u2010UMinho) University of Minho  Guimar\u00e3es Portugal"},{"name":"LABBELS\u2014Associate Laboratory  Braga, Guimar\u00e3es Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.14516"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Surface Roughness of Dental Implant and Osseointegration","volume":"20","author":"Roberto G.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.327_13509"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","article-title":"Ligaplants: Uprising Regimen in the Glebe of Implant Dentistry","volume":"15","author":"Bajaj P.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ams.ams_58_19"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app11156776"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpor.2017.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.19-0323"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","article-title":"The Role of Angiogenesis in Implant Dentistry Part I: Review of Titanium Alloys, Surface Characteristics and Treatments","volume":"21","author":"Saghiri M. 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