{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T16:40:44Z","timestamp":1791304844407,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,10]],"date-time":"2004-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1092096000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Biomed Mater Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Wear debris from total joint replacement prostheses is implicated in periprosthetic osteolysis and implant loosening. The pathophysiology of this biological process remains unclear. Animal models of particle\u2010induced osteolysis have proven useful in the study of specific tissue responses to wear debris. However, existing <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> murine models of particle\u2010mediated inflammation do not permit analysis of cortical bone degradation. This study describes a murine model of particle disease using an intramedullary rod in the mouse femur to parallel the clinical situation. The model consists of placing a 10\u2010mm\u2010long Kirschner wire retrograde in both femurs of C57b1\/6 male mice via a medial parapatellar arthrotomy. Phagocytosable titanium particles were also implanted unilaterally to replicate generation of wear debris. Mice were sacrificed at 2, 10, and 26 weeks and whole femurs were cultured for 72 h. Levels of interleukin\u20106, monocyte chemotactic protein\u20101, and macrophage colony stimulating factor were assayed by ELISA. Transverse histological sections, at the level of the implant, were taken and stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E). Results demonstrated increased expression of proinflammatory mediators at 2 weeks in femora with rod and particles compared to femora with rods alone. Destruction of the endosteum was evident at 2, 10, and 26 weeks in the femora with titanium. This novel murine model of particle\u2010induced intramedullary inflammation may facilitate cost\u2010effective genetic studies and offers investigators a simple, clinically relevant intramedullary model to readily examine the pathogenesis of particle\u2010mediated periprosthetic osteolysis. \u00a9 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 71B: 360\u2013366, 2004<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.30120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,10]],"date-time":"2004-08-10T17:47:10Z","timestamp":1092160030000},"page":"360-366","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Proinflammatory mediator expression in a novel murine model of titanium\u2010particle\u2013induced intramedullary inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"71B","author":[{"given":"Bryan A.","family":"Warme","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noah J.","family":"Epstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael C. D.","family":"Trindade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Keita","family":"Miyanishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramin R.","family":"Saket","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald","family":"Regula","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stuart B.","family":"Goodman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. Lane","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197658050-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198668060-00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197355010-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199110000-00037","article-title":"The histomorphologic and morphometric study of asymptomatic hip arthroplasty \u2014 A post\u2010mortem study","volume":"271","author":"Fornasier VL","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198365050-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-197456070-00005","article-title":"Reaction of bone to methacrylate after hip arthroplasty. A long\u2010term gross, light microscopic and scanning electron microscopic study","volume":"56","author":"Willert HG","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Implant wear: The future of total joint replacement","author":"Wright TM","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199402000-00015","article-title":"A biochemical, histologic and immunohistologic analysis of membranes obtained from failed cemented and cementless total knee arthoplasty","volume":"299","author":"Chiba J","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199403000-00043","article-title":"The characterization of cytokines in the interface tissue obtained from failed cementless total hip arthroplasty with and without femoral osteolysis","volume":"300","author":"Chiba J","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199306000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199905000-00002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4636(1999)48:4<434::AID-JBM6>3.0.CO;2-Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_2","first-page":"21","volume-title":"Total hip revision surgery","author":"McKellop HA","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100170603"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/10799900252982007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119798"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_2","first-page":"490","article-title":"Polyethylene particles stimulate monocyte chemotactic and activating factor production in synovial mononuclear cells in vivo. An immunohistochemical study in rabbits","volume":"20","author":"Frokjaer J","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2752","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.136.6.7750500","article-title":"Monocyte chemoattractant protein\u20101 expression and monocyte recruitment in osseous inflammation in the mouse","volume":"136","author":"Rahimi P","year":"1995","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-0266(01)00154-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-0266(02)00060-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.81B1.8884"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M200434200"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI116179"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_2","first-page":"239","article-title":"Bone remodeling and macrophage differentiation in osteopetrosis (op) mutant mice defective in the production of macrophage colony\u2010stimulating factor","volume":"30","author":"Takatsuka H","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Submicrosc Cytol Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.145.10.3297"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1621100"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.40.25099"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(02)00915-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-0266(02)00019-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)65266-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10227"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(01)00134-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.10527"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1012898513512"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0736-0266(01)00155-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199807000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200202000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_39_2","first-page":"261","article-title":"Migration of polyethylene particles around stable implants in an animal model","volume":"9","author":"Lalor PA","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Long Term Eff Med Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016470216314"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-199711000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.83B3.10734"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jab.770060402"}],"container-title":["Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjbm.b.30120","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jbm.b.30120","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,12]],"date-time":"2023-10-12T06:23:58Z","timestamp":1697091838000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jbm.b.30120"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,10]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,15]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jbm.b.30120"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbm.b.30120","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1552-4973","1552-4981"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1552-4973","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-4981","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2004,8,10]]}}}