{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T15:38:33Z","timestamp":1776353913975,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,11]],"date-time":"2009-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1236729600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Biomed Mater Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The use of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) to reinforce vertebral bodies (Vertebroplasty) leads to an increase in the Young's modulus of the augmented vertebral body. Fractures in the adjacent vertebrae may be the consequence thereof. Hence, PMMA with a reduced Young's modulus may be suitable for vertebroplasty. The goal of this study was to produce and characterize stiffness\u2010adapted PMMA cements. Modified PMMA bone cements were produced by adding <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010methyl\u2010pyrrolidone (NMP). Young's modulus, yield strength, polymerization temperature, setting time, and hardening behavior of different cements were analyzed. Focus was on the mechanical properties of the material after different storage conditions (in air at room temperature and in PBS at 37\u00b0C). The Young's modulus decreased from 2670 MPa (air)\/2384 MPa (PBS) for the regular cement to 76 MPa (air)\/320 MPa (PBS) for a material composition with 60% of the MMA substituted by NMP. Yield strength decreased from 85 MPa (air)\/78 MPa (PBS) to 2 MPa (air)\/24 MPa (PBS) between the regular cement and the 60% composition. Polymerization temperature decreased from 70\u00b0C (regular cement) to 48\u00b0C for the 30% composition. The hardening behavior exhibited an extension in handling time up to 200% by the modification presented. Modification of PMMA cement using NMP seems to be a promising method to make the PMMA cement more compliant for the use in cancellous bone augmentation in osteoporotic patients: adjustment of its mechanical properties close to those of cancellous bone, lower polymerization temperature, and extended handling time. \u00a9 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 2009<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.31345","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,11]],"date-time":"2009-03-11T22:25:57Z","timestamp":1236810357000},"page":"760-766","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["NMP\u2010modified PMMA bone cement with adapted mechanical and hardening properties for the use in cancellous bone augmentation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"90B","author":[{"given":"Andreas","family":"Boger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kurtis","family":"Wheeler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Montali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elliot","family":"Gruskin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s005860000182"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/SPI-07\/09\/305"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-3694-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","volume-title":"Bone Cements. Up\u2010to\u2010Date Comparison of Physical and Chemical Properties of Commercial Materials","author":"K\u00fchn KD","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2002.17.9.1621"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1007\/s005860000204","article-title":"Augmentation of mechanical properties in osteoprortic vertebral bones\u2010A biomechanical investigation of vertebroplasty efficacy with different bone cements","volume":"10","author":"Heini PF","year":"2001","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-007-0473-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.BRS.0000061987.71624.17"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","unstructured":"SunK LiebschnerMAK.Optimization of Bone Cement Properties in Vertebral Reinforcement 13th Interdisciplinary Research Conference on Biomaterials GRIBOI 2003."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4636(199722)38:2<155::AID-JBM10>3.0.CO;2-C"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/17453679508995568"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(99)00127-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.BRS.0000076829.54235.9F"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.820100419"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1163\/156856208785540154"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","first-page":"47","volume-title":"Materials in Medicine","author":"Wintermantel E","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.31044"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","unstructured":"BeckS BogerA.Evaluation of the particle release of porous PMMA cements during curing.2008. submitted for publication."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","first-page":"21","article-title":"A bioactive biodegradable guided bone regeneration membrane: From the bench to the dental practice","volume":"13","author":"Weber FE","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur Cells Mater"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","first-page":"20","article-title":"Small chemicals to enhance bone repair","volume":"13","author":"Weber FE","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur Cells Mater"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","unstructured":"WheelerKD SchenkB BogerA HeiniP.Clinical investigation of PMMA cement viscosity during vertebroplasty Proceeding Orthopaedic Research Society 2007 San Diego USA."}],"container-title":["Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjbm.b.31345","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jbm.b.31345","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,8]],"date-time":"2023-10-08T19:41:09Z","timestamp":1696794069000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jbm.b.31345"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,11]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jbm.b.31345"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbm.b.31345","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1552-4973","1552-4981"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1552-4973","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-4981","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,3,11]]}}}