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This study aimed to develop a new tissue\u2010engineering approach for treatment of large bone defect in femoral head, that is, after osteonecrosis. The biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) ceramic scaffolds were fabricated by a 3D gel\u2010lamination technique based on micro\u2010computed tomography (micro\u2010CT) images of the cancellous bone microarchitecture of femoral heads. After seeding with autologous bone marrow\u2010derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>, the cell\u2010scaffold composite was implanted into a bone defect surgically induced in canine femoral head via trapdoor procedure, which was a common procedure for treatment of osteonecrosis. A total of 24 adult dogs were randomly divided into three groups (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 8 each) for implantation of the BCP scaffold with or without with BMSCs, and also the autologous bone chips for comparisons. All animals were sacrificed at 30 weeks postoperatively and processed for radiological and histological evaluations. The contour of the femoral head was well preserved with implantation of BCP scaffolds with or without BMSCs, whereas joint collapse was found after treatment with autologous bone chips. The osteointegration and new bone formation was significantly greater with BCP scaffold implantation with than without BMSC seeding and showed greater strength and compressive modulus in the repair site. Micro\u2010CT\u2010based bone ceramic scaffolds seeding with BMSC might be a promising way to repair bone defects in the femoral head. \u00a9 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2011.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.31770","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,5]],"date-time":"2011-01-05T14:20:45Z","timestamp":1294237245000},"page":"316-325","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Micro\u2010CT\u2010based bone ceramic scaffolding and its performance after seeding with mesenchymal stem cells for repair of load\u2010bearing bone defect in canine femoral head"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"96B","author":[{"given":"Jiang","family":"Peng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cunyi","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aiyuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wenjing","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shibi","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Quanyi","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Limin","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiemo","family":"Tian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-200207000-00019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.73B1.1991778"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11420-009-9107-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-010-1292-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24847"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000096823.67494.64","article-title":"Treatmentof femoral head osteonecrosis using bone impaction grafting","volume":"417","author":"Rijnen WH","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ocl.2009.01.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BLO.0b013e3180373138"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(02)00693-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2008.12.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.addr.2004.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.31236"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2008.08.112"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.20907"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.D.02662","article-title":"Treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head with implantation of autologous bone\u2010marrow cells. 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