{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T10:29:39Z","timestamp":1778668179616,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":106,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,7]],"date-time":"2015-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1433635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["11332003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11332003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["31370949"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31370949"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["11372364"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11372364"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"the National Key Technology R&D Program of China","award":["2012BAI18B02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012BAI18B02"]}]},{"name":"Chongqing Science and Technology Commission","award":["cstc2013kjrc-ljrccj10003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["cstc2013kjrc-ljrccj10003"]}]},{"name":"National \u201c111 Plan\u201d Base","award":["B06023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B06023"]}]},{"name":"Public Experiment Center of State Bioindustrial Base (Chongqing), China"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Biomed Mater Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Drug\u2010eluting stents (DES) have been widely used to treat coronary artery disease (CAD) since their clinical use has significantly reduced the occurrence of in\u2010stent restenosis (ISR) as compared with the initially applied bare\u2010metal stents (BMS). However, analyses of long\u2010term clinical outcome have raised concerns about the serious safety problem of DES, such as ISR caused by late or very late thrombosis. Various studies showed that those complications were associated with vascular endothelial injury\/dysfunction or endothelialization delaying. Recently, through biological characterization of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), mechanistic understanding of rapid re\u2010endothelialization of the vascular injury sites after coronary stenting has become possible and is a new research hotspot in the prevention of ISR and late\/very late stent thrombosis. It has been well recognized that the formation of a functional endothelial layer from EPCs requires a coordinated sequence of multistep and signaling events, which includes cell mobilization, adhesion, migration and finally the differentiation to vascular endothelial cells (VECs). In this review, we summarize and discuss the currently relevant information about EPCs, the mechanism of DES interfering with the natural vascular healing process in preventing or delaying the formation of a functional endothelial layer, and EPCs\u2010mediated acceleration of re\u2010endothelialization at vascular injury sites. \u00a9 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 104B: 1237\u20131247, 2016.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.33398","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,11]],"date-time":"2015-06-11T03:02:00Z","timestamp":1433991720000},"page":"1237-1247","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Progress and prospects of endothelial progenitor cell therapy in coronary stent implantation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Hualin","family":"Lan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University) Ministry of Education College of Bioengineering of Chongqing University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University) Ministry of Education College of Bioengineering of Chongqing University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tieyin","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University) Ministry of Education College of Bioengineering of Chongqing University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yazhou","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University) Ministry of Education College of Bioengineering of Chongqing University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wanqian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University) Ministry of Education College of Bioengineering of Chongqing University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaojuan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University) Ministry of Education College of Bioengineering of Chongqing University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qinsong","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Missouri  Columbia Missouri"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhaoxu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering National Institutes for Food and Drug Control Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guixue","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University) Ministry of Education College of Bioengineering of Chongqing University Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2006.04.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/187152508783955051"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1445-5994.2002.00261.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2006.11.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.854398"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.508937"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa067731"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardiores.2004.04.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.111.226134"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000121732.85572.6F"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000083812.30141.74"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.275.5302.964"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.85.3.221"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000124476.32871.E3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000107029.65274.db"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.53.1.195"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000039526.42991.93"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2003.07.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000020861.20064.7E"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000114236.77009.06"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jb\/mvm060"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000151875.21836.AE"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000096490.16596.A6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0741-5214(00)70080-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0008-6363(02)00785-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/35040568"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.107.144972"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2007.12.039"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000099245.08637.CE"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000143161.01901.BD"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22203\/eCM.v021a13"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2007.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2010.08.073"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.a.2007.0265"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1753944708093412"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-4975(00)01633-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hc2301.092122"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hh1301.093953"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa022287"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ehj.2004.03.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2004-05-1831"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000018166.84319.55"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000077911.81151.30"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V92.2.362"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.88.2.167"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000097001.79750.78"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa043814"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000082924.75945.48"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.94.6.1247"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.79.6.1374"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","first-page":"C7","article-title":"Pathophysiology of vascular healing and stent mediated arterial injury","volume":"4","author":"Nakazawa G","year":"2008","journal-title":"EuroIntervention"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/vhrm.2005.1.4.263"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2011.12.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2011.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa012843"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa035071"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2003-05-1595"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1846706"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1993.1125"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/cdf675"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardiores.2005.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000036417.43987.D8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvn081"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.103.5.634"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000141893.33677.5d"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200003023420904"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1012808525370"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2006-0385"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-969029"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000240248.55172.dd"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.109.189175"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2009.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1537-2995.2006.00985.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI200113152"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000106906.56972.83"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000123231.49594.21"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.106.144006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cardiores.2005.06.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehm177"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvp156"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/cc10002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(03)00042-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.33133"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2007.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.0000137877.89448.78"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(04)01083-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tec.2007.0300"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.01.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2012.08.066"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1586\/erd.09.16"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2007.08.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000031525.61826.A8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0909506107"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.001446"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20021659"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2957"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/am400973a"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.31652"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2007.03.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jemt.20742"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1291\/hypres.28.763"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00395-008-0738-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2009.10.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2009.03.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcin.2009.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCINTERVENTIONS.109.919936"}],"container-title":["Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjbm.b.33398","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jbm.b.33398","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jbm.b.33398","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jbm.b.33398","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]],"date-time":"2023-08-23T22:27:35Z","timestamp":1692829655000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jbm.b.33398"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,7]]},"references-count":106,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jbm.b.33398"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbm.b.33398","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1552-4973","1552-4981"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1552-4973","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-4981","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,7]]}}}