{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,10]],"date-time":"2023-09-10T08:42:54Z","timestamp":1694335374021},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,2]],"date-time":"2019-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1572652800000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":365,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#am"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,2]],"date-time":"2018-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1541116800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006229","name":"Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006229","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Biomed Mater Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Reusable medical devices (RMDs) must be reprocessed between uses to render them safe for each use and each patient. Cleaning used devices removes organic and inorganic soil making them either safe for reuse or ready for disinfection\/sterilization depending on the device. Although cleaning is an important step in a RMD's life cycle, it is not always a priority during device design. In addition, when performing cleaning validation, it is recommended that the manufacturer takes into consideration, what the most appropriate or worst case conditions are in terms of type of soil or the presence of bacteria. This study compared the ability of three different cleaning\/disinfecting agents (water, alcohol, and bleach) to remove bacteria and fecal test soil from two different polymers: polypropylene and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) with two different roughness. There were some differences in the effects of the cleaning\/disinfecting agents, the materials, and the roughness depending on the particular circumstances. However, the most consistent effect on the removal of bacteria was the presence of soil, which protected the bacteria from being removed. Conversely, the presence of bacteria played little role in the removal of soil. Although the interactions between material type and roughness, soil type, and bacteria are complicated, they should be taken into account during device design and reprocessing validation to create a device that is easy and safe to use. \u00a9 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 107B: 1706\u20131710, 2019.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.34263","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,2]],"date-time":"2018-11-02T18:30:17Z","timestamp":1541183417000},"page":"1706-1710","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The presence of fecal test soil protects bacteria during cleaning\/disinfection"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"107","author":[{"given":"Poulomi","family":"Nandy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology and Infection Control, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories Center for Devices and Radiological Health, US Food and Drug Administration  Silver Spring Maryland 20993"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth A.","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology and Infection Control, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories Center for Devices and Radiological Health, US Food and Drug Administration  Silver Spring Maryland 20993"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne D.","family":"Lucas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology and Infection Control, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories Center for Devices and Radiological Health, US Food and Drug Administration  Silver Spring Maryland 20993"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Victoria M.","family":"Hitchins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology and Infection Control, Office of Science and Engineering Laboratories Center for Devices and Radiological Health, US Food and Drug Administration  Silver Spring Maryland 20993"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Handbook of Materials in Medical Devices","author":"Davis JR","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"21","volume-title":"Handbook of Polymer Applications in Medicine and Medical Devices","author":"LW MK","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","volume-title":"Sterilization of Medical Devices","author":"Booth AF","year":"1998"},{"issue":"84","key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"24495","article-title":"Reprocessing of reusable medical devices; public workshop","volume":"76","author":"Food and Drug Administration","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fed Reg"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","volume-title":"CDC: Guideline for Disinfection and Sterilization in Healthcare Facilities. 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