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However, balancing the preparation conditions and biological performances of inorganic biomaterials remain a great challenge, especially when there is lack of biomaterial design on how to control component distribution and how pathological bone responds to the biomaterial stimulations and osteogenesis. Here, our objective is to develop yolk\u2010shell Ca\u2010silicate microspheres and to investigate the potential biological performances to overcome the limitations in repair of osteoporotic bone defects. The introduction of \u03b2\u2010calcium silicate (CaSiO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>) or mesoporous bioactive glass (MBG) into self\u2010curing \u03b2\u2010dicalcium silicate (Ca<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>SiO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>) cement shell to form spherical granules (CaSiO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>@Ca<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>SiO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>, MBG@Ca<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>SiO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>) was to retain the physicochemical property and\/or microstructure of each component for optimizing bioactive ion release that could maximize osteostimulation in osteoporosis. We report a scalable shape\u2010controlled mild fabrication protocol to yield the yolk\u2010shell granules, endowing to different phases in yolk layer and interconnected macropore networks in the closely packed granule scaffolds. This unique heterostructure preparation is governed by coaxially aligned bilayer nozzle, inorganic powders and biocompatible binders. Extensive in vitro and in vivo evaluation showed that the CaSiO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>@Ca<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>SiO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> and MBG@Ca<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>SiO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> granules exhibited many superior properties such as controllable ion release, improved biodegradation and enhanced osteogenic capability in comparison with the pure Ca<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>SiO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>@Ca<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>SiO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>, thereby opening new mild\u2010condition approach in fabricating osteogenesis\u2010tailored silicate biomaterials for bone regenerative medicine, especially for efficient reconstruction of challenging pathological bone defects.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.34396","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,1]],"date-time":"2019-05-01T02:13:22Z","timestamp":1556676802000},"page":"377-390","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Composition control in biphasic silicate microspheres on stimulating new bone regeneration and repair of osteoporotic femoral bone defect"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"Edem P.","family":"Ghamor\u2010Amegavi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine  Hangzhou China"},{"name":"Orthopedics Research Institute Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xianyan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bio\u2010Nanomaterials and Regenerative Medicine Research Division Zhejiang\u2010California International Nanosystem Institute, Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jiandi","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery the 3rd Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical College  Rui'an China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lijun","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine  Hangzhou China"},{"name":"Orthopedics Research Institute Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhijun","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine  Hangzhou China"},{"name":"Orthopedics Research Institute Zhejiang University  Hangzhou 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Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine  Hangzhou China"},{"name":"Orthopedics Research Institute Zhejiang University  Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery the 3rd Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical College  Rui'an China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhongru","family":"Gou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bio\u2010Nanomaterials and Regenerative Medicine Research Division Zhejiang\u2010California International Nanosystem Institute, Zhejiang University  Hangzhou 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