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Development of an endotracheal tube coated with biomaterials that exhibit anti\u2010inflammatory or anti\u2010fibrogenic effects may prevent tracheal stenosis. This study demonstrates that an endotracheal tube coated with phlorotannin, which is present in extracts of the brown alga <jats:italic>Ecklonia cava<\/jats:italic>, can prevent tracheal stenosis in a rabbit model. An in vitro study shows that phlorotannin inhibits proliferation of human tracheal fibroblasts treated with transforming growth factor \u03b21. Phlorotannin\u2010coated endotracheal tubes show steady release of phlorotannin for up to 7 days, and removal of the tube 1 week after insertion reveals a reduction in both fibrogenesis and thickening of tracheal submucosa. Western blot analysis of tracheal tissues after removal of the phlorotannin\u2010coated tube shows decreased protein expression levels of phenotypic markers of fibrosis such as collagen type I and \u03b1\u2010smooth muscle actin. The ability of phlorotannin\u2010coated endotracheal tube to prevent tracheal stenosis caused by endotracheal intubation indicates that phlorotannin may be considered as a candidate biomaterial for coating the cuff of endotracheal tubes to prevent tracheal stenosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.34456","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,8]],"date-time":"2019-08-08T05:10:13Z","timestamp":1565241013000},"page":"1046-1056","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Fabrication and biological activity of polycaprolactone\/phlorotannin endotracheal tube to prevent tracheal stenosis: An in vitro and in vivo study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"Hyoung Shin","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology\u2010Head and Neck Surgery Kosin University College of Medicine  Busan Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Marine\u2010Integrated 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