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Various tissue engineering approaches which take advantage of stem cells and growth factors in a three\u2010dimensional constructs have been used for reconstructing articular tissue. Proliferative impact of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and chondrogenic differentiation effect of transforming growth factor\u2010beta 1 (TGF\u2010\u03b21) over mesenchymal stem cells have previously been verified. In this study, silk fibroin (SF) and of poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate (PEGDMA) were used to provide a versatile platform for preparing hydrogels with tunable mechanical, swelling and degradation properties through physical and chemical crosslinking as a microenvironment for chondrogenic differentiation in the presence of bFGF and TGF\u2010\u03b21 releasing nanoparticles (NPs) for the first time. Scaffolds with compressive moduli ranging from 95.70\u2009\u00b1\u200917.82 to 338.05\u2009\u00b1\u200938.24\u2009kPa were obtained by changing both concentration PEGDMA and volume ratio of PEGDMA with 8% SF. Highest cell viability was observed in PEGDMA 10%\u2010SF 8% (1:1) [PEG10\u2010SF8(1:1)] hydrogel group. Release of bFGF and TGF\u2010\u03b21 within PEG10\u2010SF8(1:1) hydrogels resulted in higher DNA and glycosaminoglycans amounts indicating synergistic effect of dual release over proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells in hydrogels, respectively. Our results suggested that simultaneous delivery of bFGF and TGF\u2010\u03b21 through utilization of PLGA NPs within PEG10\u2010SF8(1:1) hydrogel provided a novel and versatile means for articular cartilage regeneration as they allow for dosage\u2010 and site\u2010specific multiple growth factor delivery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.34544","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,24]],"date-time":"2019-12-24T10:32:31Z","timestamp":1577183551000},"page":"2041-2062","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Dual growth factor delivery using PLGA nanoparticles in silk fibroin\/PEGDMA hydrogels for articular cartilage tissue engineering"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"Milad","family":"Fathi\u2010Achachelouei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Middle East Technical University  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dilek","family":"Keskin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Middle East Technical University  Ankara Turkey"},{"name":"Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (BIOMATEN) Middle East Technical University  Ankara Turkey"},{"name":"Department of Engineering Sciences Middle East Technical University  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erhan","family":"Bat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Middle East Technical University  Ankara Turkey"},{"name":"Department of Chemical Engineering Middle East Technical University  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nihal E.","family":"Vrana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inserm UMR 1121  Strasbourg France"},{"name":"SPARTHA Medical  Strasbourg France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aysen","family":"Tezcaner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering Middle East Technical University  Ankara Turkey"},{"name":"Center of Excellence in Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (BIOMATEN) Middle East Technical University  Ankara Turkey"},{"name":"Department of Engineering Sciences Middle East Technical University  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3923\/jbs.2014.327.331"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/mp800051m"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546504273510"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/17425247.5.6.615"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0142-9612(02)00353-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/excr.2001.5278"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1758-5082\/6\/2\/024105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11095-016-1958-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpb.2014.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adfm.201705475"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199410063311401"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.35096"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","first-page":"477","article-title":"Articular cartilage: Tissue design and chondrocyte\u2010matrix interactions","volume":"47","author":"Buckwalter J.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Instructional Course Lectures"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.1998.28.4.192"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C7RA13739G"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","first-page":"17","volume-title":"Embryonic development and the principles of tissue engineering. 2003","author":"Caplan A. 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