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In the current study, samples with four different compositions were pressureless sintered at 1750\n                    <jats:sup>\u00b0C<\/jats:sup>\n                    for 1\u2009h under a nitrogen atmosphere. The samples were evaluated concerning densification, microstructure, mechanical properties, and\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    bioactivity. Microstructures with elongated \u03b2\u2010Si\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    N\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    grains dispersed in an intergranular phase and with densities from 78.77 to 97.14% of the theoretical density were obtained. Higher contents of SiO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    resulted in the best densification and mechanical properties. Besides, replacements of CaO by MgO in the initial compositions affected Young's modulus and\n                    <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    bioactivity. Considering the samples with relative density higher than 94.14%, those with lower values of Young's modulus had lower SiO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \/MgO ratios. After immersion in SBF (Simulated Body Fluid), the samples with high porosity and\/or partial replacements of CaO by MgO had their surfaces coated with a layer rich in calcium and phosphorus, morphologically similar to hydroxyapatite. Hence, producing silicon nitride ceramics with the potential to be used as orthopedic implants must consider ideal amounts of additives. In this article, the best combination of mechanical properties and mineralization capability was reached by the composition with low content of MgO, and high content of SiO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    and CaO.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.34930","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,4]],"date-time":"2021-09-04T09:16:40Z","timestamp":1630747000000},"page":"507-516","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Mechanical properties and\n                    <i>in vitro<\/i>\n                    bioactivity of silicon nitride ceramics with\n                    <scp>\n                      SiO\n                      <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    ,\n                    <scp>CaO<\/scp>\n                    , and\n                    <scp>MgO<\/scp>\n                    additions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"110","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2051-9884","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Celso Ricardo","family":"Sona Filho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Pesquisas Energ\u00e9ticas e Nucleares, IPEN\u2013CNEN\/SP S\u00e3o Paulo SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0238-4226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fl\u00e1vio","family":"Machado de Souza Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Mineralogia e Geotect\u00f4nica, Instituto de Geoci\u00eancias Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo, USP SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3839-0839","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cecilia","family":"Chaves Guedes\u2010Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Pesquisas Energ\u00e9ticas e Nucleares, IPEN\u2013CNEN\/SP S\u00e3o Paulo SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2004.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.a.31363"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.34162"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21037\/jss.2019.12.11"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ls.1329"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsusc.2018.09.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2015.04.049"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmt.2018.06.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","first-page":"1034","article-title":"Microhardness and biocompatibility of silicon nitride ceramic developed for dental applications","volume":"5","author":"Wananuruksawong R","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mater Sci Appl"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"A hierarchical nanostructural coating of amorphous silicon nitride on polyetheretherketone with antibacterial activity and promoting responses of rBMSCs for orthopedic applications","volume":"9","author":"Xu Z","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Mater Chem B"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceramint.2015.03.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10971-017-4431-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1516-14392008000100009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01161167"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1002-0721(12)60201-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-8842(01)00008-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matchemphys.2004.08.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msea.2017.05.100"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1980-5373-mr-2018-0266"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2298\/PAC2001063G"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2014.09.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40824-018-0149-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/9216314"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msec.2016.11.110"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","unstructured":"ASTM: American Society for Testing Materials.ASTM E 1876\u201001: standard test method for dynamic Young's modulus shear modulus and Poisson's ratio by impulse excitation of vibration. 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