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The present work aims to minimize heat production below the critical temperature for thermal osteonecrosis (i.e., 47\u00b0C) and obviate thermal bone damage due to drilling. A total of 20 samples from the shaft of the human femur were obtained at autopsies and drilling was performed at room temperature by an operation theater (OT) compatible rotary ultrasonic bone drilling (RUBD) machine. K\u2010type thermocouples were used to measure the temperature rise during drilling and the physical changes of the bone samples were observed by infrared gama camera. Light microscopic and transmission electron microscopic studies were performed to evaluate the bone cell damage. The maximum temperature recorded in RUBD (40.6\u2009\u00b1\u20091.3\u00b0C) was much below the critical temperature for thermal osteonecrosis (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.05) at the rotational speed of 2000\u2009rpm. Light microscopic and ultrastructural studies also revealed that there was no appreciable damage to the bone cells. Conventional bone drilling (CD) on the other hand recorded much higher temperature (66.6\u2009\u00b1\u20093.2\u00b0C), tissue burn and bone cell necrosis. Hence, RUBD machine has a potentiality for its use in orthopedic surgery and may provide better results.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.34975","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]],"date-time":"2021-12-02T09:52:43Z","timestamp":1638438763000},"page":"1023-1033","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Thermal changes during drilling in human femur by rotary ultrasonic bone drilling machine: A histologic and ultrastructural study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"110","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0227-0309","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ravinder Pal","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University)  Mullana India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pulak Mohan","family":"Pandey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Delhi  New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muzamil Ahmad","family":"Mir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology All India Institute of Medical Sciences  New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asit Ranjan","family":"Mridha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology All India Institute of Medical Sciences  New Delhi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medengphy.2011.05.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2013.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1350-4533(01)00003-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aanat.2010.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10910344.2013.837353"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-012-1491-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-007-0427-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00170-014-5998-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2010.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","first-page":"695","article-title":"Studies of thermal injury: II. 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