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This is a prospective cohort study to evaluate the short\u2010 and mid\u2010term safety and efficacy of this biodegradable cage in posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) surgery. This was a prospective single\u2010arm pilot clinical trial in 22 patients with a follow\u2010up time of 1, 3, 6, and 12\u2009months, postoperatively. Clinical outcomes were assessed using the Japanese Orthopedic Association Back Pain Evaluation Questionnaire (JOABPEQ) and Visual analogue scale (VAS) for leg pain and low back pain. Radiological examination included X\u2010ray, CT scan, and three\u2010dimensional reconstruction to evaluate surgical indications, intervertebral space height (ISH), intervertebral bone fusion and cage degradation. A total of 22 patients was included, with an average age of 53.5\u2009years. Among 22 patients, one patient lost to follow\u2010up and one patient withdrew from the clinical trial because of cage retropulsion. The remaining 20 patients showed significant improvement in clinical and imaging outcomes compared to the preoperative period. The overall mean VAS for back decreased from 5.85\u2009\u00b1\u20090.99 preoperatively to 1.15\u2009\u00b1\u20090.86 at the 12\u2010month follow\u2010up (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001); the VAS for leg decreased from 5.75\u2009\u00b1\u20091.11 to 1.05\u2009\u00b1\u20090.76 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001); the JOA score improved from 13.8\u2009\u00b1\u20092.64 to 26.45\u2009\u00b1\u20092.46 (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001). The mean intervertebral space height (ISH) increased from 11.01\u2009\u00b1\u20091.75\u2009mm preoperatively to 12.67\u2009\u00b1\u20091.89\u2009mm at the 12\u2010month follow\u2010up and the bone fusion reached 95.2% (20\/21 disc segments). Partial resorption (inferior to 50% compared with the initial cage size) were found in all cages (21\/21). The clinical and radiological assessments showed that the application of 3D\u2010printed biodegradable PCL\/\u03b2\u2010TCP cages in PLIF yielded satisfactory results at the 12\u2010month follow\u2010up. In the future, long\u2010term clinical observations and controlled clinical trials are required to further validate the safety and efficacy of this novel cage.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.35244","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]],"date-time":"2023-03-08T13:49:44Z","timestamp":1678283384000},"page":"1398-1406","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Clinical application of <scp>3D<\/scp>\u2010printed biodegradable lumbar interbody cage (polycaprolactone\/\u03b2\u2010tricalcium phosphate) for posterior lumbar interbody fusion"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Yichao","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics, Xijing Hospital Fourth Military Medical University  Xi'an Shaanxi People's Republic of 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