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The aim of this study was to formulate an antibiotic wound gel for application by a field medic in austere environments to protect traumatic wounds from infection during transport. Formulation development was conducted over multiple phases to meet temperature, handling, in vitro elution, and in vivo tissue response requirements. Thermal properties were evaluated by vial inversion, DSC, and syringe expression force in a temperature range of 4\u201349\u00b0C. Handling was evaluated by spreading onto blood\u2010contaminated tissue and irrigation resistance. Controlled antibiotic release was evaluated by a modified USP immersion cell dissolution method. Local tissue effects were evaluated in vivo by subcutaneous implantation in rats for 7 and 28\u2009days. An oleogel composition of cholesterol, hydrogenated castor oil, soybean oil, and glyceryl monocaprylocaprate met the target performance criteria. Peak expression force from a 5\u2009mL syringe at 4\u00b0C was 48.3\u2009N, the dropping point temperature was 68\u00b0C, and the oleogel formulation could be spread onto blood\u2010contaminated tissue and resisted aqueous irrigation. The formulation demonstrated sustained release of tobramycin in PBS at 32\u00b0C for 5\u2009days. Implantation in a rat dorsal pocket demonstrated a slight tissue reaction after 7\u2009days with minimal to no reaction after 28\u2009days, comparable to a commercial hemostat control. Material resorption was evident after 28\u2009days. The formulation met target characteristics and is appropriate for further evaluation in a large animal contaminated blast wound model.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.35455","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,23]],"date-time":"2024-08-23T12:50:54Z","timestamp":1724417454000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A controlled release antibiotic wound protectant gel formulated for use in austere environments"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"112","author":[{"given":"Charles A.","family":"Florek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"DePuy Synthes  West Chester Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Cozzone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DePuy Synthes  West Chester Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dustin L.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah USA"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology University of Utah  Salt Lake City Utah USA"},{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences  Bethesda Maryland USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2854-8832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David A.","family":"Armbruster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DePuy Synthes  West Chester Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.G.01694"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0b013e31818e43dd"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2020.7259"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EOR\u201022\u20100076"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/520029"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e3181af6aa6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e318163c3f5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0b013e31802f78fb"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/usab065"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/BOT.0000000000001225"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/wound.2015.0653"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000000768"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978\u20103\u2010319\u201056780\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","unstructured":"Deployed Medicine.TCCC guidelines.2021https:\/\/deployedmedicine.com\/content\/40"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0b013e318163c421"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10903120903144841"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/bot.0000000000000262"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/milmed\/usx144"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.55460\/ZRIK\u2010EOE3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.31979"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/jbji.29711"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.284.5418.1318"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7205\/milmed.171.9.821"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","first-page":"1035","article-title":"Topical therapy as an expedient treatment of massive open wounds. 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