{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T07:39:29Z","timestamp":1774597169762,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":25,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772323200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000923","name":"Australian Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LP210100099"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LP210100099"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000923","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003190","name":"Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies, Albert-Ludwigs-Universit\u00e4t Freiburg","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["422010107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["422010107"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003190","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Biomed Mater Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Neuroprostheses have contributed extensively to humankind's capacity to treat disease and injury. Hearing loss is routinely overcome; pain is controlled; and myriad neurological, sensory, motor, and psychological disorders are managed through interventions involving neuromodulation. Fabrication of active implantable medical devices (AIMDs) often relies on highly skilled operators, leading to high costs, reliability challenges, and limitations to further device miniaturization and manufacturing output. Extending AIMD benefits to other disorders may also require a substantial increase in the number of stimulation or recording channels, exceeding the boundaries of existing fabrication techniques and human dexterity. In one\u2010to\u2010one correspondence, electrical signals must transition between the biological environment and a controlled atmosphere suitable for protecting active electronics\u2014e.g., electrodes interfaced to excitable tissue must ultimately connect to a circuit node, each sensitive to corrosion or shorting when exposed to moisture and ions. Protection is typically achieved by hermetic encapsulation, with each signal crossing the hermetic barrier via a conductive pathway (\n                    <jats:italic>feedthrough<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). As the quantity of signals increases, so does the complexity of the encapsulation. Herein, we describe a robust hermetic encapsulation approach with feedthrough densities of around 250 contacts\/cm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    and establishment of interconnections to each feedthrough in an all\u2010at\u2010once fashion. The resulting interfaces offer impedances &lt;\u20095\u2009m\u03a9 between a connection pad of the electronics to the electrode and bond strengths ~10\u2009MPa. An illustrative example is presented as a visual neuroprosthesis for retinal dystrophies with 99 channels of electrical stimulation and associated power and communication interfaces\u2014a device that we call the Phoenix\n                    <jats:sup>99<\/jats:sup>\n                    .\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.70040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T17:20:57Z","timestamp":1774545657000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Establishment of High Channel\u2010Count Packaging in Active Implantable Medical Devices for Neuroprosthesis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"114","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1918-3313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregg","family":"Suaning","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering The University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences King's College London  London UK"},{"name":"Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS), The University of Freiburg  Freiburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2991-6066","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan S.","family":"Ordonez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Indigo Diabetes N.V  Ghent Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8402-6886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Guenther","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Micro Integration (IFM), University of Stuttgart  Stuttgart Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9693-4702","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel","family":"Eggenberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering The University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3330-0216","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Orsolya","family":"K\u00e9kesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering The University of Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7244-5864","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne","family":"Vanhoestenberghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1637-1079","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nigel H.","family":"Lovell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering University of New South Wales  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7349-4254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Stieglitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK) University of Freiburg  Freiburg Germany"},{"name":"BrainLinks\u2010BrainTools Center University of Freiburg  Freiburg Germany"},{"name":"Bernstein Center Freiburg  Freiburg Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460\u20109592.2003.00162.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Medical & Biological Engineering, Melbourne","author":"Wickham G. 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An Investigation of Micro Structures, Sensors, Actuators, Machines and Systems, Heidelberg, Germany","author":"Beutel H.","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","first-page":"310","volume-title":"IEEE Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS), Belfast, UK","author":"Khan S.","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","first-page":"2941","volume-title":"40th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC), Honolulu, HI, USA","author":"Khan S.","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2021.121191"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSSC.2013.2264136"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","first-page":"546","article-title":"AC Power Supply Circuit Architecture for a Miniaturised Retinal Prosthesis Device","volume":"2021","author":"Mori Y.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Engineering"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.820130109"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1595\/003214081X254152155","article-title":"Solid State Bonding of Ceramics With Platinum Foil","volume":"25","author":"Allen R. 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