{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T02:40:28Z","timestamp":1792636828935,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1792540800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":20,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Biomed Mater Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease driven by dysregulated host immune responses. Macrophages, as key innate immune cells, play important roles in periodontal inflammation and bone homeostasis, and M2\u2010like macrophage polarization has been associated with improved osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Curcumin possesses anti\u2010inflammatory and bone\u2010protective properties, but its application is limited by poor aqueous solubility, chemical instability, and low bioavailability. In this study, curcumin nanoparticles (CUR NPs) were prepared by a reprecipitation\/nanoprecipitation method and encapsulated into hollow mesoporous polydopamine (HMPDA) to construct HMPDA\u2010CUR NPs. The resulting nanoparticles showed improved aqueous dispersibility, favorable biocompatibility, and sustained\u2010release behavior. In\u00a0vitro experiments showed that HMPDA\u2010CUR NPs promoted the shift of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)\u2010stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages from an M1\u2010like pro\u2010inflammatory phenotype toward an M2\u2010like anti\u2010inflammatory phenotype, with downregulation of M1\u2010related markers and upregulation of M2\u2010related markers. Conditioned medium from HMPDA\u2010CUR NP\u2010treated macrophages further enhanced osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Transcriptomic and RT\u2010qPCR analyses showed that CUR NPs upregulated Acat3 and several fatty acid oxidation\u2010related genes, indicating an association between CUR NP treatment and FAO\u2010related metabolic remodeling. Direct FAO flux was not assessed in the present study. In a rat ligature\u2010induced periodontitis model, HMPDA\u2010CUR NPs showed a non\u2010significant trend toward alleviating alveolar bone loss, indicating that the local delivery strategy requires further optimization. Overall, HMPDA\u2010CUR NPs represent a promising immunomodulatory nanosystem for improving the periodontal bone\u2010regenerative microenvironment, although additional mechanistic and delivery\u2010optimization studies are required before translational application.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm.b.70169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T02:25:42Z","timestamp":1792635942000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Hollow Mesoporous Polydopamine Nanocarriers Loaded With Curcumin Nanoparticles Modulate Macrophage Polarization and Support Osteogenic Differentiation: Association With Acat3\/Fatty Acid Oxidation\u2010Related Metabolic Changes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Juan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stomatology Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1518-7186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chenglong","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stomatology Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinghong","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuyi","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stomatology Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zijie","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stomatology Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yating","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stomatology Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2853-1877","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qi","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Stomatology Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University  Guangzhou China"},{"name":"Department of Stomatology The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.763334","article-title":"Polarized Macrophages in Periodontitis: Characteristics, Function, and Molecular Signaling","volume":"12","author":"Sun X.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Frontiers in Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archoralbio.2017.03.006","article-title":"Enhanced Activity of Macrophage M1\/M2 Phenotypes in Periodontitis","volume":"96","author":"Yang J.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Archives of Oral Biology"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2014.06.008","article-title":"Macrophage Activation and Polarization: Nomenclature and Experimental Guidelines","volume":"41","author":"Murray P. J.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1080\/14653240600855905","article-title":"Minimal Criteria for Defining Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. The International Society for Cellular Therapy Position Statement","volume":"8","author":"Dominici M.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2017.12.025","article-title":"Mesenchymal Stem Cell\u2010Macrophage Crosstalk and Bone Healing","volume":"196","author":"Pajarinen J.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomaterials"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.181.2.1232","article-title":"Osteal Tissue Macrophages Are Intercalated Throughout Human and Mouse Bone Lining Tissues and Regulate Osteoblast Function In\u00a0Vitro and In\u00a0Vivo","volume":"181","author":"Chang M. K.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Journal of Immunology"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcme.2016.05.005","article-title":"Biological Activities of Curcuminoids, Other Biomolecules From Turmeric and Their Derivatives \u2010 A Review","volume":"7","author":"Amalraj A.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0216711","article-title":"Curcumin Attenuates Oxidative Stress in RAW264.7 Cells by Increasing the Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes and Activating the Nrf2\u2010Keap1 Pathway","volume":"14","author":"Lin X.","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/foods6100092","article-title":"Curcumin: A Review of Its Effects on Human Health","volume":"6","author":"Hewlings S. J.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinorgbio.2021.111494","article-title":"Enhanced Efficacy of a Cu2+ Complex of Curcumin Against Gram\u2010Positive and Gram\u2010Negative Bacteria: Attributes of Complex Formation","volume":"222","author":"Kumar P.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1553","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.14842","article-title":"Curcumin Has Immunomodulatory Effects on RANKL\u2010Stimulated Osteoclastogenesis In\u00a0Vitro and Titanium Nanoparticle\u2010Induced Bone Loss In\u00a0Vivo","volume":"24","author":"Yang C.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3205","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27103205","article-title":"Study of the Osteoimmunomodulatory Properties of Curcumin\u2010Modified Copper\u2010Bearing Titanium","volume":"27","author":"Chen D.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1620","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jmedchem.6b00975","article-title":"The Essential Medicinal Chemistry of Curcumin","volume":"60","author":"Nelson K. M.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Journal of Medicinal Chemistry"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2795","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.9b07697","article-title":"Fabrication of Polydopamine\u2010Based Curcumin Nanoparticles for Chemical Stability and pH\u2010Responsive Delivery","volume":"68","author":"Pan H.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry"},{"issue":"25","key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8781","DOI":"10.1039\/C7NR01857F","article-title":"Mesoporous Polydopamine Nanoparticles With co\u2010Delivery Function for Overcoming Multidrug Resistance via Synergistic Chemo\u2010Photothermal Therapy","volume":"9","author":"Xing Y.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nanoscale"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951-021-01131-9","article-title":"Recent Developments in Mesoporous Polydopamine\u2010Derived Nanoplatforms for Cancer Theranostics","volume":"19","author":"Zhu M.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Nanobiotechnology"},{"issue":"28","key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6528\/abf4a9","article-title":"Hollow Mesoporous Polydopamine Nanospheres: Synthesis, Biocompatibility and Drug Delivery","volume":"32","author":"Lin K.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nanotechnology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","article-title":"The Role of Immunometabolism in Macrophage Polarization and Its Impact on Acute Lung Injury\/Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome","volume":"14","author":"Wang L.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Frontiers in Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02993","article-title":"New Insights on the Role of Lipid Metabolism in the Metabolic Reprogramming of Macrophages","volume":"10","author":"Batista\u2010Gonzalez A.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Frontiers in Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.840029","article-title":"Metabolic Reprogramming Induces Macrophage Polarization in the Tumor Microenvironment","volume":"13","author":"Wang S.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Immunology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.00487","article-title":"Nanocurcumin: A Promising Candidate for Therapeutic Applications","volume":"11","author":"Karthikeyan A.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Frontiers in Pharmacology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"622","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2017.00622","article-title":"Antiplasmodial Activity and Toxicological Assessment of Curcumin PLGA\u2010Encapsulated Nanoparticles","volume":"8","author":"Busari Z. A.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Frontiers in Pharmacology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2020.173090","article-title":"Macrophage M1\/M2 Polarization","volume":"877","author":"Yunna C.","year":"2020","journal-title":"European Journal of Pharmacology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7309","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S217112","article-title":"Nanoparticle\u2010Based Model of Anti\u2010Inflammatory Drug Releasing LbL Coatings for Uncemented Prosthesis Aseptic Loosening Prevention","volume":"14","author":"Alotaibi H. F.","year":"2019","journal-title":"International Journal of Nanomedicine"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"588","DOI":"10.1007\/s11427-020-1939-1","article-title":"Punicalagin Ameliorates Collagen\u2010Induced Arthritis by Downregulating M1 Macrophage and Pyroptosis via NF\u2010kappaB Signaling Pathway","volume":"65","author":"Ge G.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Science China. Life Sciences"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2021.10.027","article-title":"Inhaled Curcumin Mesoporous Polydopamine Nanoparticles Against Radiation Pneumonitis","volume":"12","author":"Chen T.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.copbio.2023.103013","article-title":"Cell\u2010Nano Interactions of Polydopamine Nanoparticles","volume":"84","author":"Liang Z.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Current Opinion in Biotechnology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/emm.2013.135","article-title":"Mesenchymal Stem Cells Reciprocally Regulate the M1\/M2 Balance in Mouse Bone Marrow\u2010Derived Macrophages","volume":"46","author":"Cho D. I.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Experimental and Molecular Medicine"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441-017-2598-8","article-title":"Macrophage Type Modulates Osteogenic Differentiation of Adipose Tissue MSCs","volume":"369","author":"Zhang Y.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell and Tissue Research"},{"issue":"14","key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6634","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.16667","article-title":"Bone Marrow Stromal Cells (BMSCs CD45\u2010\/CD44+\/CD73+\/CD90+) Isolated From Osteoporotic Mice SAM\/P6 as a Novel Model for Osteoporosis Investigation","volume":"25","author":"Sikora M.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1097\/IN9.0000000000000038","article-title":"Inflammaging and Fatty Acid Oxidation in Monocytes and Macrophages","volume":"6","author":"Kruglov V.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Immunometabolism"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1438","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-19-2994","article-title":"Enhanced Lipid Accumulation and Metabolism Are Required for the Differentiation and Activation of Tumor\u2010Associated Macrophages","volume":"80","author":"Su P.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cancer Research"},{"issue":"17","key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","article-title":"BODIPY 493\/503 Staining of Neutral Lipid Droplets for Microscopy and Quantification by Flow Cytometry","volume":"6","author":"Qiu B.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bio\u2010Protocol"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1569","DOI":"10.1097\/01.LAB.0000095687.17383.39","article-title":"Acyl\u2010Coenzyme A:Cholesterol Acyltransferase 2 (ACAT2) is Induced in Monocyte\u2010Derived Macrophages: In\u00a0Vivo and In\u00a0Vitro Studies","volume":"83","author":"Sakashita N.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Laboratory Investigation"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4733","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2023.09.005","article-title":"ACAT1 Deficiency in Myeloid Cells Promotes Glioblastoma Progression by Enhancing the Accumulation of Myeloid\u2010Derived Suppressor Cells","volume":"13","author":"Wang M.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B"},{"issue":"18","key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e38018","article-title":"Crosstalk Between Macrophages and Immunometabolism and Their Potential Roles in Tissue Repair and Regeneration","volume":"10","author":"Ma H.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jare.2025.07.046","article-title":"Immunometabolism of Macrophages in the Bone Microenvironment: A New Perspective for Bone Healing Therapy","volume":"82","author":"Wang C.","year":"2026","journal-title":"Journal of Advanced Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bioactmat.2024.05.046","article-title":"Regulating the Proinflammatory Response to Composite Biomaterials by Targeting Immunometabolism","volume":"40","author":"Maduka C. V.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bioactive Materials"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cej.2024.150631","article-title":"Macrophage\u2010Mediated Immunomodulation in Biomaterial\u2010Assisted Bone Repair: Molecular Insights and Therapeutic Prospects","volume":"488","author":"Bi Z.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Chemical Engineering Journal"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.53941\/rmd.2026.100011","article-title":"Emerging Strategies for Biomaterials\u2010Mediated Reprogramming of Macrophages in Tissue Repair and Regeneration","volume":"3","author":"Zhang M.","year":"2026","journal-title":"Regenerative Medicine and Dentistry"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.53941\/rmd.2026.100005","article-title":"KGBR: A Domain\u2010Specific Knowledge Graph for Bone Regeneration Research","volume":"3","author":"Huang Z.","year":"2026","journal-title":"Regenerative Medicine and Dentistry"}],"container-title":["Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jbm.b.70169","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jbm.b.70169","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jbm.b.70169","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T02:25:54Z","timestamp":1792635954000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jbm.b.70169"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jbm.b.70169"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbm.b.70169","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1552-4973","1552-4981"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1552-4973","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-4981","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-07-28","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-12","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-21","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70169"}}