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Our aim was to identify a microRNA (miR)\u2010based osteoclast\u2010related signature predictive of erosiveness in RA. Seventy\u2010six adults with erosive (E) or nonerosive (NE) seropositive RA and 43 sex\u2010 and age\u2010matched healthy controls were recruited. Twenty\u2010five miRs from peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)\u2010derived osteoclasts selected from RNA\u2010Seq (discovery cohort) were assessed by qPCR (replication cohort), as were 33 target genes (direct targets or associated with regulated pathways). The top five miRs found differentially expressed in RA osteoclasts were either decreased (hsa\u2010miR\u201034a\u20103p, 365b\u20103p, 374a\u20103p, and 511\u20103p [E versus NE]) or increased (hsa\u2010miR\u2010193b\u20103p [E versus controls]). In vitro, inhibition of miR\u201034a\u20103p had an impact on osteoclast bone resorption. An integrative network analysis of miRs and their targets highlighted correlations between mRNA and miR expression, both negative (\n                    <jats:italic>CD38<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>CD80<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>SIRT1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and positive (\n                    <jats:italic>MITF<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), and differential gene expression between NE versus E (\n                    <jats:italic>GXYLT1, MITF<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) or versus controls (\n                    <jats:italic>CD38, KLF4<\/jats:italic>\n                    ). Machine\u2010learning models were used to evaluate the value of miRs and target genes, in combination with clinical data, to predict erosion. One model, including a set of miRs (predominantly 365b\u20103p) combined with rheumatoid factor titer, provided 70% accuracy (area under the curve [AUC] 0.66). Adding genes directly targeted or belonging to related pathways improved the predictive power of the model for the erosive phenotype (78% accuracy, AUC 0.85). This proof\u2010of\u2010concept study indicates that identification of RA subjects at risk of erosions may be improved by studying miR expression in PBMC\u2010derived osteoclasts, suggesting novel approaches toward personalized treatment. \u00a9 2023 The Authors.\n                    <jats:italic>JBMR Plus<\/jats:italic>\n                    published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm4.10776","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,7]],"date-time":"2023-06-07T14:46:15Z","timestamp":1686149175000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Osteoclast\n                    <scp>microRNA<\/scp>\n                    Profiling in Rheumatoid Arthritis to Capture the Erosive Factor"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Nguyen","family":"Hoang Dong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Functional Genomics University of Sherbrooke and Research Centre of the Centre Int\u00e9gr\u00e9 Universitaire de Sant\u00e9 et Services Sociaux de l'Estrie \u2013 Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke (CIUSSSE\u2010CHUS)  Sherbrooke Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lortie","family":"Audrey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Sherbrooke and Research Centre of the Centre Int\u00e9gr\u00e9 Universitaire de Sant\u00e9 et Services Sociaux de l'Estrie \u2013 Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke (CIUSSSE\u2010CHUS)  Sherbrooke Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mbous Nguimbus","family":"Leopold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Sherbrooke and Research Centre of the Centre Int\u00e9gr\u00e9 Universitaire de Sant\u00e9 et Services Sociaux de l'Estrie \u2013 Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke (CIUSSSE\u2010CHUS)  Sherbrooke Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marrugo","family":"Javier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Sherbrooke and Research Centre of the Centre Int\u00e9gr\u00e9 Universitaire de Sant\u00e9 et Services Sociaux de l'Estrie \u2013 Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke (CIUSSSE\u2010CHUS)  Sherbrooke Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allard\u2010Chamard","family":"Hugues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Sherbrooke and Research Centre of the Centre Int\u00e9gr\u00e9 Universitaire de Sant\u00e9 et Services Sociaux de l'Estrie \u2013 Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke (CIUSSSE\u2010CHUS)  Sherbrooke Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bouchard","family":"Luigi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Functional Genomics University of Sherbrooke and Research Centre of the Centre Int\u00e9gr\u00e9 Universitaire de Sant\u00e9 et Services Sociaux de l'Estrie \u2013 Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke (CIUSSSE\u2010CHUS)  Sherbrooke Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medical Biology CIUSS du Saguenay\u2010Lac\u2010Saint\u2010Jean H\u00f4pital Universitaire de Chicoutimi  Saguenay Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Boire","family":"Gilles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences University 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