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Previously, using transgenic mice overexpressing G\u03b1\n                    <jats:sub>S<\/jats:sub>\n                    in osteoblasts (G\n                    <jats:sub>S<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010Tg), we demonstrated the influence of osteoblast G\u03b1\n                    <jats:sub>S<\/jats:sub>\n                    level on osteogenesis, bone turnover, and skeletal responses to hyperparathyroidism. To further investigate whether alterations in G\u03b1\n                    <jats:sub>S<\/jats:sub>\n                    levels affect endochondral bone repair, a postnatal bone regenerative process that recapitulates embryonic bone development, we performed stabilized tibial osteotomy in male G\n                    <jats:sub>S<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010Tg mice at 8\u2009weeks of age and examined the progression of fracture healing by micro\u2010CT, histomorphometry, and gene expression analysis over a 4\u2010week period. Bone fractures from G\n                    <jats:sub>S<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010Tg mice exhibited diminished cartilage formation at the time of peak soft callus formation at 1\u2009week post\u2010fracture followed by significantly enhanced callus mineralization and new bone formation at 2\u2009weeks post\u2010fracture. The opposing effects on chondrogenesis and osteogenesis were validated by downregulation of chondrogenic markers and upregulation of osteogenic markers. Histomorphometric analysis at times of increased bone formation (2 and 3\u2009weeks post\u2010fracture) revealed excess fibroblast\u2010like cells on newly formed woven bone surfaces and elevated osteocyte density in G\n                    <jats:sub>S<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010Tg fractures. Coincident with enhanced callus mineralization and bone formation, G\n                    <jats:sub>S<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010Tg mice showed elevated active \u03b2\u2010catenin and Wntless proteins in osteoblasts at 2\u2009weeks post\u2010fracture, further substantiated by increased mRNA encoding various canonical Wnts and Wnt target genes, suggesting elevated osteoblastic Wnt secretion and Wnt\/\u03b2\u2010catenin signaling. The G\n                    <jats:sub>S<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010Tg bony callus at 4\u2009weeks post\u2010fracture exhibited greater mineral density and decreased polar moment of inertia, resulting in improved material stiffness. These findings highlight that elevated G\u03b1\n                    <jats:sub>S<\/jats:sub>\n                    levels increase Wnt signaling, conferring an increased osteogenic differentiation potential at the expense of chondrogenic differentiation, resulting in improved mechanical integrity. \u00a9 2023 The Authors.\n                    <jats:italic>JBMR Plus<\/jats:italic>\n                    published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbm4.10841","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,16]],"date-time":"2023-11-16T02:00:26Z","timestamp":1700100026000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Increased Osteoblast\n                    <scp>\n                      G\u03b1\n                      <sub>S<\/sub>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    Promotes Ossification by Suppressing Cartilage and Enhancing Callus Mineralization During Fracture Repair in Mice"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Kathy K","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology University of Toronto  Toronto Canada"},{"name":"Lunenfeld\u2010Tanenbaum Research Institute Mount Sinai Hospital  Toronto Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0175-6227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adele","family":"Changoor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lunenfeld\u2010Tanenbaum Research Institute Mount Sinai Hospital  Toronto Canada"},{"name":"Department of Surgery University of Toronto  Toronto Canada"},{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology University of Toronto  Toronto 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