{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T00:09:56Z","timestamp":1790294996826,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]],"date-time":"2026-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769385600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]],"date-time":"2026-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769385600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Biomedical Materials Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Osteomyelitis (OM) is caused by the entry of septic cells into bone tissue. Due to systemic antibiotic side effects and drug resistance, local administration is a strategy for treating OM. In this study, a biodegradable, injectable thermosensitive hydrogel containing vancomycin hydrochloride (VA) was developed to reduce drug resistance and prolong the therapeutic efficacy of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    by sustained topical delivery of VA. VA was loaded into an injectable butyl glycidyl ether\u2010modified methylcellulose hydrogel (MC\u2010BGE), and VA\u2010loaded MC\u2010BGE hydrogel (VA@MC\u2010BGE) was obtained. The gelation time of VA@MC\u2010BGE at 37\u00b0C was approximately 10\u2009min. In\u00a0vitro, the hydrogel released ~40% of its VA payload within the first 4\u2009days, followed by a sustained release that reached 91.0% cumulative release by Day 28. During this period, mass\u2010loss measurements showed ~67% degradation of the hydrogel. The in\u00a0vitro study showed that the VA@MC\u2010BGE had stronger antimicrobial activity against\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    for at least 7\u2009days and could reduce the cytotoxicity of VA with high osteoblast viability (&gt;\u200985%) over 72\u2009h. VA@MC\u2010BGE inhibited\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>S. aureus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    infection and improved inflammation and oxidative stress in osteoblasts. The in\u00a0vivo study showed that the hydrogel was able to degrade gradually in\u00a0vivo and that only a small amount of hydrogel remained at 28\u2009days. The hydrogel was also not significantly toxic to major organs. In an OM rat model, injecting the VA@MC\u2010BGE into the site of tibial infection in rats further reduced bone infection and improved bone regeneration compared to free VA. In conclusion, in\u00a0situ thermosensitive MC\u2010BGE hydrogels encapsulating VA have slow\u2010release properties and good biocompatibility, which are promising for the treatment of OM.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbma.70031","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]],"date-time":"2026-01-26T12:15:59Z","timestamp":1769429759000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Injectable Butyl Glycidyl Ether\u2010Modified Methylcellulose Thermosensitive Hydrogel for Topical Delivery of Vancomycin Hydrochloride in the Treatment of Osteomyelitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Conggang","family":"Zhi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Spine Surgery The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University  Hunan 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