{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T00:54:26Z","timestamp":1787964866439,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]],"date-time":"2026-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769385600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]],"date-time":"2026-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769385600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Biomedical Materials Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin condition primarily affecting the face, characterized by symptoms such as persistent redness, visible blood vessels, papules, and pustules. Current treatments, including topical agents and systemic antibiotics, are often limited by poor skin penetration, local irritation, or the risk of systemic adverse effects and antibiotic resistance. This study designed, fabricated, and evaluated a novel ROS\u2010responsive hydrogel microneedle (MN) system for the co\u2010delivery of tofacitinib (a JAK inhibitor) and azelaic acid (A ZA) to treat rosacea. The hypothesis was that this Tofa\/AZA@HPA\u2010MN platform would enable triggered drug release in the high\u2010ROS environment of inflamed skin, enhancing therapeutic efficacy and safety compared to conventional topical delivery. Topical tofacitinib and AZA were found to ameliorate LL37\u2010induced murine rosacea\u2010like inflammation, partly via JAK\/STAT inhibition. A ROS\u2010responsive hydrogel (HPA) was synthesized and fabricated into robust MNs, demonstrating effective skin penetration and retention. In\u00a0vitro, these MNs displayed accelerated drug release under oxidative conditions and protected keratinocytes from H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010induced stress. In\u00a0vivo, the Tofa\/AZA@HPA\u2010MNs proved superior to conventional topical Tofa\u2009+\u2009AZA and empty MNs, significantly reducing inflammation, tissue ROS levels, and JAK\/STAT activation in a rosacea model. Crucially, safety assessments revealed no significant systemic toxicity, addressing the major translational concern regarding the systemic risks of JAK inhibitors. The developed system offers a promising, safe, and more effective targeted therapeutic strategy for rosacea by enabling triggered drug release directly within the inflamed skin.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbma.70035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]],"date-time":"2026-01-26T11:47:42Z","timestamp":1769428062000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["A\n                    <scp>ROS<\/scp>\n                    \u2010Responsive Hydrogel Microneedle System Co\u2010Delivering Tofacitinib and Azelaic Acid for Enhanced Targeted Therapy of Rosacea"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"Yong","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Dermatology Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College  Hangzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxia","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Dermatology Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College  Hangzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4201-8498","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yibin","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Dermatology Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College  Hangzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7871-1644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Youming","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Dermatology Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College  Hangzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danfeng","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Dermatology Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College  Hangzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40257-021-00595-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","volume-title":"Rosacea","author":"Farshchian M.","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2022.0526"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","article-title":"Exploring the Pathogenesis and Mechanism\u2010Targeted Treatments of 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