{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T20:48:56Z","timestamp":1793306936932,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,3]],"date-time":"2024-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706918400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":3879,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>\u2003<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the randomized, placebo-controlled FREEDOM study of women aged 60 to 90 years with postmenopausal osteoporosis, treatment with denosumab once every 6 months for 36 months significantly reduced hip and new vertebral fracture risk by 40% and 68%, respectively. To gain further insight into this efficacy, we performed a nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA) of hip and spine quantitative computed tomography (QCT) scans to estimate hip and spine strength in a subset of FREEDOM subjects (n\u2009=\u200948 placebo; n\u2009=\u200951 denosumab) at baseline, 12, 24, and 36 months. We found that, compared with baseline, the finite element estimates of hip strength increased from 12 months (5.3%; p\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.0001) and through 36 months (8.6%; p\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.0001) in the denosumab group. For the placebo group, hip strength did not change at 12 months and decreased at 36 months (\u20135.6%; p\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.0001). Similar changes were observed at the spine: strength increased by 18.2% at 36 months for the denosumab group (p\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.0001) and decreased by \u20134.2% for the placebo group (p\u2009=\u20090.002). At 36 months, hip and spine strength increased for the denosumab group compared with the placebo group by 14.3% (p\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.0001) and 22.4% (p\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.0001), respectively. Further analysis of the finite element models indicated that strength associated with the trabecular bone was lost at the hip and spine in the placebo group, whereas strength associated with both the trabecular and cortical bone improved in the denosumab group. In conclusion, treatment with denosumab increased hip and spine strength as estimated by FEA of QCT scans compared with both baseline and placebo owing to positive treatment effects in both the trabecular and cortical bone compartments. These findings provide insight into the mechanism by which denosumab reduces fracture risk for postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. \u00a9 2014 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution\u2013NonCommercial\u2013NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2024","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,21]],"date-time":"2013-06-21T10:01:40Z","timestamp":1371808900000},"page":"158-165","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":111,"title":["Femoral and Vertebral Strength Improvements in Postmenopausal Women With Osteoporosis Treated With Denosumab"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Tony M","family":"Keaveny","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"O.N. DiagnosticsBerkeleyCAUSA"},{"name":"University of California BerkeleyBerkeleyCAUSA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael R","family":"McClung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oregon Osteoporosis CenterPortlandORUSA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harry K","family":"Genant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Synarc Inc.San FranciscoCAUSA"},{"name":"University of California San FranciscoCAUSA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jose R","family":"Zanchetta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IDIMBuenos AiresArgentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Kendler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of British ColumbiaVancouverCanada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacques P","family":"Brown","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU de Qu\u00e9bec Research CentreQu\u00e9becCanada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Goemaere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ghent University HospitalGhentBelgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Recknor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United Osteoporosis CentersGainesvilleGAUSA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria L","family":"Brandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of FlorenceFlorenceItaly"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Eastell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of SheffieldSheffieldUK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David L","family":"Kopperdahl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"O.N. DiagnosticsBerkeleyCAUSA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Engelke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical PhysicsUniversity of Erlangen, ErlangenGermany"},{"name":"Synarc Inc.HamburgGermany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Fuerst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Synarc Inc.San FranciscoCAUSA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hoi-Shen","family":"Radcliffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amgen Ltd.CambridgeUK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cesar","family":"Libanati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Amgen Inc.Thousand OaksCAUSA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64556-7","article-title":"Osteoprotegerin ligand modulates murine osteoclast survival in vitro and in vivo","volume":"157","author":"Lacey","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Pathol."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81569-X","article-title":"Osteoprotegerin ligand is a cytokine that regulates osteoclast differentiation and activation","volume":"93","author":"Lacey","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cell."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3478","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.141.9.7634","article-title":"Osteoprotegerin produced by osteoblasts is an important regulator in osteoclast development and function","volume":"141","author":"Udagawa","year":"2000","journal-title":"Endocrinology."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3597","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.7.3597","article-title":"Osteoclast differentiation factor is a ligand for osteoprotegerin\/osteoclastogenesis-inhibitory factor and is identical to TRANCE\/RANKL","volume":"95","author":"Yasuda","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa0809493","article-title":"Denosumab for prevention of fractures in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis","volume":"361","author":"Cummings","year":"2009","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocd.2012.02.006","article-title":"Denosumab significantly increases DXA BMD at both trabecular and cortical sites: results from the FREEDOM study","volume":"16","author":"Bolognese","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Densitom."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.251","article-title":"Effects of denosumab on bone turnover markers in postmenopausal osteoporosis","volume":"26","author":"Eastell","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1745","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2006.08.003","article-title":"Prediction of strength and strain of the proximal femur by a CT-based finite element method","volume":"40","author":"Bessho","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Biomech."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2006.10.025","article-title":"Comparison of quantitative computed tomography-based measures in predicting vertebral compressive strength","volume":"40","author":"Buckley","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bone."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1013","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9290(99)00099-8","article-title":"Femoral strength is better predicted by finite element models than QCT and DXA","volume":"32","author":"Cody","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Biomech."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1016\/S8756-3282(03)00210-2","article-title":"Finite element models predict in vitro vertebral body compressive strength better than quantitative computed tomography","volume":"33","author":"Crawford","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bone."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1789","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000225993.57349.df","article-title":"Nonlinear finite element model predicts vertebral bone strength and fracture site","volume":"31","author":"Imai","year":"2006","journal-title":"Spine."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1016\/S1350-4533(03)00081-X","article-title":"Comparison of in situ and in vitro CT scan-based finite element model predictions of proximal femoral fracture load","volume":"25","author":"Keyak","year":"2003","journal-title":"Med Eng Phys."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1016\/S1350-4533(98)00054-X","article-title":"Comparison of geometry-based and CT voxel-based finite element modelling and experimental validation","volume":"20","author":"Lengsfeld","year":"1998","journal-title":"Med Eng Phys."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1515\/bmte.1998.43.4.82","article-title":"Noninvasive assessment of stiffness and failure load of human vertebrae from CT-data","volume":"43","author":"Martin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Biomed Tech (Berl)."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1539","article-title":"Prediction of new clinical vertebral fractures in elderly men using finite element analysis of CT scans","volume":"27","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2011.03.682","article-title":"Male-female differences in the association between incident hip fracture and proximal femoral strength: a finite element analysis study","volume":"48","author":"Keyak","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bone."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0018","first-page":"S114","article-title":"Enhancement of hip fracture prediction using finite element analysis of CT scans","author":"Kopperdahl","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.081201","article-title":"Finite element analysis of the proximal femur and hip fracture risk in older men","volume":"24","author":"Orwoll","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.179.3.2027972","article-title":"Effect of bone distribution on vertebral strength: assessment with patient-specific nonlinear finite element analysis","volume":"179","author":"Faulkner","year":"1991","journal-title":"Radiology."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e31815e3993","article-title":"In vivo assessment of lumbar vertebral strength in elderly women using computed tomography-based nonlinear finite element model","volume":"33","author":"Imai","year":"2008","journal-title":"Spine."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1885","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.070728","article-title":"Structural determinants of vertebral fracture risk","volume":"22","author":"Melton","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1922","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.150","article-title":"Relation of vertebral deformities to bone density, structure, and strength","volume":"25","author":"Melton","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1593","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.347","article-title":"Melton LJ 3rd, Achenbach SJ, Therneau TM, Riggs BL, Keaveny TM, Khosla S. Association of hip strength estimates by finite-element analysis with fractures in women and men","volume":"26","author":"Amin","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.091033","article-title":"Age-dependence of femoral strength in white women and men","volume":"25","author":"Keaveny","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1974","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.080805","article-title":"Femoral bone strength and its relation to cortical and trabecular changes after treatment with PTH, alendronate, and their combination as assessed by finite element analysis of quantitative CT scans","volume":"23","author":"Keaveny","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2011.10.002","article-title":"Femoral strength in osteoporotic women treated with teriparatide or alendronate","volume":"50","author":"Keaveny","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bone."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-1807","article-title":"Once-monthly oral ibandronate improves biomechanical determinants of bone strength in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis","volume":"94","author":"Lewiecki","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-004-1736-9","article-title":"Differences in hip quantitative computed tomography (QCT) measurements of bone mineral density and bone strength between glucocorticoid-treated and glucocorticoid-naive postmenopausal women","volume":"16","author":"Lian","year":"2005","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2009.09.032","article-title":"Biomechanical effects of teriparatide in women with osteoporosis treated previously with alendronate and risedronate: results from quantitative computed tomography-based finite element analysis of the vertebral body","volume":"46","author":"Chevalier","year":"2010","journal-title":"Bone."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1672","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.090416","article-title":"Improvements in vertebral body strength under teriparatide treatment assessed in vivo by finite element analysis: results from the EUROFORS study","volume":"24","author":"Graeff","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.061011","article-title":"Effects of teriparatide and alendronate on vertebral strength as assessed by finite element modeling of QCT scans in women with osteoporosis","volume":"22","author":"Keaveny","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3340","DOI":"10.1002\/art.23988","article-title":"Vertebral strength changes in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with alendronate, as assessed by finite element analysis of clinical computed tomography scans: a prospective randomized clinical trial","volume":"58","author":"Mawatari","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"449","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2008.11.014","article-title":"Reduction in proximal femoral strength due to long-duration spaceflight","volume":"44","author":"Keyak","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bone."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1097\/MED.0b013e3282f154a7","article-title":"Noninvasive assessments of bone strength","volume":"14","author":"Bonnick","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2009.05348.x","article-title":"Biomechanical computed tomography-noninvasive bone strength analysis using clinical computed tomography scans","volume":"1192","author":"Keaveny","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocd.2012.02.014","article-title":"Denosumab densitometric changes assessed by quantitative computed tomgraphy at the spine and hip in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis","volume":"16","author":"McClung","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Densitom."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9290(01)00011-2","article-title":"Dependence of yield strain of human trabecular bone on anatomic site","volume":"34","author":"Morgan","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Biomech."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"897","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9290(03)00071-X","article-title":"Trabecular bone modulus-density relationships depend on anatomic site","volume":"36","author":"Morgan","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Biomech."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9290(03)00257-4","article-title":"Comparison of the elastic and yield properties of human femoral trabecular and cortical bone tissue","volume":"37","author":"Bayraktar","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Biomech."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2009.01.158","article-title":"Prediction of femoral strength in a sideways fall configuration using QCT-based finite element analysis","volume":"44","author":"Roberts","year":"2009","journal-title":"Bone."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1832","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.070809","article-title":"Two-year treatment with denosumab (AMG 162) in a randomized phase 2 study of postmenopausal women with low BMD","volume":"22","author":"Lewiecki","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0043","first-page":"S18","article-title":"The effect of six years of denosumab treatment on new vertebral and nonvertebral fractures in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: results from the FREEDOM extension trial","volume":"33","author":"Bone","year":"2012","journal-title":"Endocr Rev."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-012-2052-4","article-title":"Effect of denosumab on bone mineral density and biochemical markers of bone turnover: 8-year results of a phase 2 clinical trial","volume":"24","author":"McClung","year":"2013","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"687","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1472","article-title":"Relationship between bone mineral density changes with denosumab treatment and risk reduction for vertebral and nonvertebral fractures","volume":"27","author":"Austin","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocd.2012.02.014","article-title":"Denosumab densitometric changes assessed by QCT at the spine and hip in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis","volume":"16","author":"McClung","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Clin Densitom."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1886","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.81","article-title":"Microarchitectural deterioration of cortical and trabecular bone: differing effects of denosumab and alendronate","volume":"25","author":"Seeman","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1097\/GME.0b013e318267f909","article-title":"Impact of denosumab on the peripheral skeleton of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis: bone density, mass, and strength of the radius, and wrist fracture","volume":"20","author":"Simon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Menopause."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2011.03.769","article-title":"Decreased bone remodeling and porosity are associated with improved bone strength in ovariectomized cynomolgus monkeys treated with denosumab, a fully human RANKL antibody","volume":"49","author":"Kostenuik","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bone."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.0809010","article-title":"Comparison of the effect of denosumab and alendronate on BMD and biochemical markers of bone turnover in postmenopausal women with low bone mass: a randomized, blinded, phase 3 trial","volume":"24","author":"Brown","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.090716","article-title":"Effects of denosumab on bone mineral density and bone turnover in postmenopausal women transitioning from alendronate therapy","volume":"25","author":"Kendler","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.081112","article-title":"Denosumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody to RANKL, inhibits bone resorption and increases BMD in knock-in mice that express chimeric (murine\/human) RANKL","volume":"24","author":"Kostenuik","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1326","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.080316","article-title":"Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Research G. Proximal femoral structure and the prediction of hip fracture in men: a large prospective study using QCT","volume":"23","author":"Black","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-006-0074-5","article-title":"Volumetric quantitative computed tomography of the proximal femur: relationships linking geometric and densitometric variables to bone strength","volume":"17","author":"Bousson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Role for compact bone. Osteoporos Int."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1727","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2010-2784","article-title":"Treatment with denosumab reduces the incidence of new vertebral and hip fractures in postmenopausal women at high risk","volume":"96","author":"Boonen","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1541","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.080406","article-title":"Theoretical implications of the biomechanical fracture threshold","volume":"23","author":"Keaveny","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2002.17.1.11","article-title":"Bone turnover matters: the raloxifene treatment paradox of dramatic decreases in vertebral fractures without commensurate increases in bone density","volume":"17","author":"Riggs","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1558","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2002.17.8.1558","article-title":"High bone turnover is intrinsically harmful: two paths to a similar conclusion","volume":"17","author":"Parfitt","year":"2002","journal-title":"The Parfitt view. J Bone Miner Res."},{"key":"2024020318591375500_jbmr2024-bib-0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"162","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2011.04.001","article-title":"Denosumab, a fully human RANKL antibody, reduced bone turnover markers and increased trabecular and cortical bone mass, density, and strength in ovariectomized cynomolgus monkeys","volume":"49","author":"Ominsky","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bone."}],"container-title":["Journal of Bone and Mineral Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjbmr.2024","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jbmr.2024","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jbmr.2024","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmr\/article-pdf\/29\/1\/158\/56567372\/jbmr2024.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmr\/article-pdf\/29\/1\/158\/56567372\/jbmr2024.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,13]],"date-time":"2024-03-13T10:49:54Z","timestamp":1710326994000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmr\/article\/29\/1\/158-165\/7599150"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,21]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,21]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbmr.2024","relation":{},"ISSN":["0884-0431","1523-4681"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0884-0431","type":"print"},{"value":"1523-4681","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,21]]}}}