{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T02:42:51Z","timestamp":1789612971473,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,26]],"date-time":"2013-10-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1382745600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>\u2003<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Altered bone turnover is a key pathologic feature of chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD). Expression of TGF-\u03b21, a known regulator of bone turnover, is increased in bone biopsies from individuals with CKD. Similarly, TGF-\u03b21 mRNA and downstream signaling is increased in bones from jck mice, a model of high-turnover renal osteodystrophy. A neutralizing anti-TGF-\u03b2 antibody (1D11) was used to explore TGF-\u03b2's role in renal osteodystrophy. 1D11 administration to jck significantly attenuated elevated serum osteocalcin and type I collagen C-telopeptides. Histomorphometric analysis indicated that 1D11 administration increased bone volume and suppressed the elevated bone turnover in a dose-dependent manner. These effects were associated with reductions in osteoblast and osteoclast surface areas. Micro-computed tomography (\u00b5CT) confirmed the observed increase in trabecular bone volume and demonstrated improvements in trabecular architecture and increased cortical thickness. 1D11 administration was associated with significant reductions in expression of osteoblast marker genes (Runx2, alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin) and the osteoclast marker gene, Trap5. Importantly, in this model, 1D11 did not improve kidney function or reduce serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels, indicating that 1D11 effects on bone are independent of changes in renal or parathyroid function. 1D11 also significantly attenuated high-turnover bone disease in the adenine-induced uremic rat model. Antibody administration was associated with a reduction in pSMAD2\/SMAD2 in bone but not bone marrow as assessed by quantitative immunoblot analysis. Immunostaining revealed pSMAD staining in osteoblasts and osteocytes but not osteoclasts, suggesting 1D11 effects on osteoclasts may be indirect. Immunoblot and whole genome mRNA expression analysis confirmed our previous observation that repression of Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin expression in bone is correlated with increased osteoclast activity in jck mice and bone biopsies from CKD patients. Furthermore, our data suggest that elevated TGF-\u03b2 may contribute to the pathogenesis of high-turnover disease partially through inhibition of \u03b2-catenin signaling. \u00a9 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,26]],"date-time":"2013-10-26T06:48:01Z","timestamp":1382770081000},"page":"1141-1157","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Role of TGF-\u03b2 in a Mouse Model of High Turnover Renal Osteodystrophy"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Shiguang","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"GenzymeSanofi-Genzyme R&D CenterFraminghamMAUSA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenping","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GenzymeSanofi-Genzyme R&D CenterFraminghamMAUSA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph H","family":"Boulanger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GenzymeSanofi-Genzyme R&D CenterFraminghamMAUSA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wen","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GenzymeSanofi-Genzyme R&D CenterFraminghamMAUSA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yves","family":"Sabbagh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GenzymeSanofi-Genzyme R&D CenterFraminghamMAUSA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Kelley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GenzymeSanofi-Genzyme R&D CenterFraminghamMAUSA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Russell","family":"Gotschall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GenzymeSanofi-Genzyme R&D CenterFraminghamMAUSA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Ryan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GenzymeSanofi-Genzyme R&D CenterFraminghamMAUSA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucy","family":"Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GenzymeSanofi-Genzyme R&D CenterFraminghamMAUSA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katie","family":"Malley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GenzymeSanofi-Genzyme R&D CenterFraminghamMAUSA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaohong","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GenzymeSanofi-Genzyme R&D CenterFraminghamMAUSA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tai-He","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GenzymeSanofi-Genzyme R&D CenterFraminghamMAUSA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gehua","family":"Zhen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic SurgeryJohns Hopkins Medical InstitutionBaltimoreMDUSA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic SurgeryJohns Hopkins Medical InstitutionBaltimoreMDUSA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong","family":"Ling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GenzymeSanofi-Genzyme R&D CenterFraminghamMAUSA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul C","family":"Dechow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of DentistryTexas A&M Health Science CenterDallasTXUSA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teresita M","family":"Bellido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Division of Endocrinologyand Department of MedicineIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven R","family":"Ledbetter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GenzymeSanofi-Genzyme R&D CenterFraminghamMAUSA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan C","family":"Schiavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GenzymeSanofi-Genzyme R&D CenterFraminghamMAUSA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,26]]},"reference":[{"issue":"113","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0001","first-page":"S1","article-title":"KDIGO clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis, evaluation, prevention, and treatment of chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD)","author":"KDIGO CKD-MBD Work Group","year":"2009","journal-title":"Kidney Int Suppl."},{"issue":"4","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-011-1781-0","article-title":"Fracture risk assessment in patients with chronic kidney disease","volume":"23","author":"Jamal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int."},{"issue":"6976","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.310.6976.358","article-title":"Effect of alfacalcidol on natural course of renal bone disease in mild to moderate renal failure","volume":"310","author":"Hamdy","year":"1995","journal-title":"BMJ."},{"issue":"11","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2672","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.485","article-title":"The pathophysiology of early-stage chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD) and response to phosphate binders in the rat","volume":"26","author":"Moe","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.05940611","article-title":"Early skeletal and biochemical alterations in pediatric chronic kidney disease","volume":"7","author":"Wesseling-Perry","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"issue":"8","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1757","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1630","article-title":"Repression of osteocyte Wnt\/beta-catenin signaling is an early event in the progression of renal osteodystrophy","volume":"27","author":"Sabbagh","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.5414\/CNP62432","article-title":"High prevalence of low bone mineral density in pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients: bone histomorphometric analysis","volume":"62","author":"Lobao","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Nephrol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.090735","article-title":"Coronary calcification is associated with lower bone formation rate in CKD patients not yet in dialysis treatment","volume":"25","author":"Tomiyama","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1945","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000414","article-title":"Definition, evaluation, and classification of renal osteodystrophy: a position statement from Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO)","volume":"69","author":"Moe","year":"2006","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfh1002","article-title":"The importance of bone health in end-stage renal disease: out of the frying pan, into the fire","author":"Malluche","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant."},{"issue":"2","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semnephrol.2009.01.008","article-title":"The pathogenesis of vascular calcification in the chronic kidney disease mineral bone disorder: the links between bone and the vasculature","volume":"29","author":"Hruska","year":"2009","journal-title":"Semin Nephrol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.21.5.817","article-title":"Bisphosphonates alendronate and ibandronate inhibit artery calcification at doses comparable to those that inhibit bone resorption","volume":"21","author":"Price","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol."},{"issue":"10","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1610","DOI":"10.1161\/hq1001.097102","article-title":"Osteoprotegerin inhibits artery calcification induced by warfarin and by vitamin D","volume":"21","author":"Price","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol."},{"issue":"6","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2008.646","article-title":"Effect of bisphosphonates on vascular calcification and bone metabolism in experimental renal failure","volume":"75","author":"Lomashvili","year":"2009","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"issue":"4","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1322","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2002.00258.x","article-title":"Treatment of a murine model of high-turnover renal osteodystrophy by exogenous BMP-7","volume":"61","author":"Gonzalez","year":"2002","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"issue":"6","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.110.234914","article-title":"Arterial calcification in chronic kidney disease: key roles for calcium and phosphate","volume":"109","author":"Shanahan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Circ Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2006101089","article-title":"Effects of sevelamer hydrochloride and calcium carbonate on renal osteodystrophy in hemodialysis patients","volume":"19","author":"Ferreira","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2006050490","article-title":"Reversal of the adynamic bone disorder and decreased vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease by sevelamer carbonate therapy","volume":"18","author":"Mathew","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2002.00434.x","article-title":"Treat to Goal Working Group. Sevelamer attenuates the progression of coronary and aortic calcification in hemodialysis patients","volume":"62","author":"Chertow","year":"2002","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"issue":"4","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mnh.0000172720.34229.39","article-title":"Which vitamin D derivative to prescribe for renal patients","volume":"14","author":"Drueke","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens."},{"issue":"1","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5000045","article-title":"Vitamin D in chronic kidney disease: a systemic role for selective vitamin D receptor activation","volume":"69","author":"Andress","year":"2006","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"issue":"5","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"764","DOI":"10.1359\/JBMR.041221","article-title":"Decrease in thoracic vertebral bone attenuation with calcium-based phosphate binders in hemodialysis","volume":"20","author":"Raggi","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.516","article-title":"Longitudinal evaluation of FGF23 changes and mineral metabolism abnormalities in a mouse model of chronic kidney disease","volume":"27","author":"Stubbs","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2006090985","article-title":"Nek8 regulates the expression and localization of polycystin-1 and polycystin-2","volume":"19","author":"Sohara","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"issue":"10","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2821","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2006020136","article-title":"Development of polycystic kidney disease in juvenile cystic kidney mice: insights into pathogenesis, ciliary abnormalities, and common features with human disease","volume":"17","author":"Smith","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"issue":"2","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1177","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.050906","article-title":"Conditional disruption of Pkd1 in osteoblasts results in osteopenia due to direct impairment of bone formation","volume":"285","author":"Xiao","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"issue":"41","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30884","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M604772200","article-title":"Cilia-like structures and polycystin-1 in osteoblasts\/osteocytes and associated abnormalities in skeletogenesis and Runx2 expression","volume":"281","author":"Xiao","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"issue":"4","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"877","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.06550810","article-title":"Sclerostin and Dickkopf-1 in renal osteodystrophy","volume":"6","author":"Cejka","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"issue":"5","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.07670712","article-title":"The relation between renal function and serum sclerostin in adult patients with CKD","volume":"8","author":"Pelletier","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"issue":"52","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18813","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0507417102","article-title":"TGF-beta regulates the mechanical properties and composition of bone matrix","volume":"102","author":"Balooch","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA."},{"issue":"4","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0031","first-page":"349","article-title":"TGF-beta regulation of osteoblast differentiation and bone matrix properties","volume":"6","author":"Alliston","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact."},{"issue":"7","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"757","DOI":"10.1038\/nm.1979","article-title":"TGF-beta1-induced migration of bone mesenchymal stem cells couples bone resorption with formation","volume":"15","author":"Tang","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat Med."},{"issue":"2","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.1041600214","article-title":"TGF beta alters growth and differentiation related gene expression in proliferating osteoblasts in vitro, preventing development of the mature bone phenotype","volume":"160","author":"Breen","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol."},{"issue":"6","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1651","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.23079","article-title":"TGF-beta regulates beta-catenin signaling and osteoblast differentiation in human mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"112","author":"Zhou","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem."},{"issue":"2","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0035","first-page":"272","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Li YP. TGF-beta and BMP signaling in osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. Int J Biol Sci."},{"key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-386015-6.00042-1","article-title":"TGF-beta1 regulates differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells","volume":"87","author":"Zhao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Vitam Horm."},{"issue":"19","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4267","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.126.19.4267","article-title":"Inhibition of TGF-beta receptor signaling in osteoblasts leads to decreased bone remodeling and increased trabecular bone mass","volume":"126","author":"Filvaroff","year":"1999","journal-title":"Development."},{"issue":"11","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2419","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.139","article-title":"Inhibition of TGF-beta signaling by 1D11 antibody treatment increases bone mass and quality in vivo","volume":"25","author":"Edwards","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1755.2003.00835.x","article-title":"IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta, and bFGF expression in bone biopsies before and after parathyroidectomy","volume":"63","author":"Santos","year":"2003","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"issue":"1","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1590\/S0100-879X2002000100004","article-title":"Cytokine accumulation in osteitis fibrosa of renal osteodystrophy","volume":"35","author":"Duarte","year":"2002","journal-title":"Braz J Med Biol Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"651","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfi273","article-title":"Severe hyperparathyroidism with bone abnormalities and metastatic calcification in rats with adenine-induced uraemia","volume":"21","author":"Tamagaki","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant."},{"issue":"6","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.5650020617","article-title":"Bone histomorphometry: standardization of nomenclature, symbols, and units. Report of the ASBMR Histomorphometry Nomenclature Committee","volume":"2","author":"Parfitt","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"issue":"11","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1712","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.080617","article-title":"Connexin 43 is required for the anti-apoptotic effect of bisphosphonates on osteocytes and osteoblasts in vivo","volume":"23","author":"Plotkin","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.548","article-title":"Cell autonomous requirement of connexin 43 for osteocyte survival: consequences for endocortical resorption and periosteal bone formation","volume":"27","author":"Bivi","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"issue":"7","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1468","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.141","article-title":"Guidelines for assessment of bone microstructure in rodents using micro-computed tomography","volume":"25","author":"Bouxsein","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"issue":"7","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1943","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000129337.50739.48","article-title":"Arterial calcifications and bone histomorphometry in end-stage renal disease","volume":"15","author":"London","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol."},{"key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.2008011","article-title":"Strange as it may seem: the many links between Wnt signalling, planar cell polarity, and cilia","volume":"25","author":"Wallingford","year":"2011","journal-title":"Genes Dev."},{"key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1990.tb16102.x","article-title":"Role of TGF beta in bone remodeling","volume":"593","author":"Mundy","year":"1990","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci."},{"issue":"6","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2004-0001","article-title":"Transforming growth factor-beta1 to the bone","volume":"26","author":"Janssens","year":"2005","journal-title":"Endocr Rev."},{"issue":"1","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2009.130","article-title":"Circulating TGF-beta1 as a reliable biomarker for chronic kidney disease progression in the African-American population","volume":"76","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"issue":"1","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1038\/79128","article-title":"Domain-specific mutations in TGFB1 result in Camurati-Engelmann disease","volume":"26","author":"Kinoshita","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat Genet."},{"issue":"1","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1007\/s002239900293","article-title":"Biochemical markers of bone turnover in Camurati-Engelmann disease: a report on four cases in one family","volume":"61","author":"Hernandez","year":"1997","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int."},{"issue":"5","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"920","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.283","article-title":"Camurati-Engelmann disease: unique variant featuring a novel mutation in TGFbeta1 encoding transforming growth factor beta 1 and a missense change in TNFSF11 encoding RANK ligand","volume":"26","author":"Whyte","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"issue":"3","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1159\/000055910","article-title":"Increased cell surface expression of receptors for transforming growth factor-beta on osteoblasts from patients with osteogenesis imperfecta","volume":"68","author":"Gebken","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pathobiology."},{"issue":"4","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e5275","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0005275","article-title":"Pharmacologic inhibition of the TGF-beta type I receptor kinase has anabolic and anti-catabolic effects on bone","volume":"4","author":"Mohammad","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"issue":"3","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e17522","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0017522","article-title":"TGF-beta inducible early gene 1 regulates osteoclast differentiation and survival by mediating the NFATc1, AKT, and MEK\/ERK signaling pathways","volume":"6","author":"Cicek","year":"2011","journal-title":"PLoS One."},{"issue":"35","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23397","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M109.019372","article-title":"Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) induces human osteoclast apoptosis by up-regulating Bim","volume":"284","author":"Houde","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Biol Chem."},{"issue":"15","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0058","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2725","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yexcr.2008.06.006","article-title":"TGF-beta coordinately activates TAK1\/MEK\/AKT\/NFkB and SMAD pathways to promote osteoclast survival","volume":"314","author":"Gingery","year":"2008","journal-title":"Exp Cell Res."},{"issue":"1","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0059","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.20036","article-title":"Roles of stromal cell RANKL, OPG, and M-CSF expression in biphasic TGF-beta regulation of osteoclast differentiation","volume":"200","author":"Karst","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Cell Physiol."},{"issue":"7","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.357","article-title":"Regulation of RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis by TGF-beta through molecular interaction between Smad3 and Traf6","volume":"26","author":"Yasui","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"issue":"10","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0061","first-page":"801","article-title":"Catabolic and anabolic actions of parathyroid hormone on the skeleton","volume":"34","author":"Silva","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest."},{"key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0062","first-page":"137","article-title":"The effects of TGF-beta on bone","volume":"157","author":"Mundy","year":"1991","journal-title":"Ciba Found Symp."},{"issue":"10","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0063","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.070518","article-title":"Quantifying osteoblast and osteocyte apoptosis: challenges and rewards","volume":"22","author":"Jilka","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"issue":"5","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0064","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.1998.13.5.793","article-title":"Osteoblast programmed cell death (apoptosis): modulation by growth factors and cytokines","volume":"13","author":"Jilka","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"issue":"6","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0065","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1212","DOI":"10.1002\/jcb.20599","article-title":"The Wnt antagonist secreted frizzled-related protein-1 controls osteoblast and osteocyte apoptosis","volume":"96","author":"Bodine","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Cell Biochem."},{"issue":"10","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0066","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1754","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2001.16.10.1754","article-title":"The loss of Smad3 results in a lower rate of bone formation and osteopenia through dysregulation of osteoblast differentiation and apoptosis","volume":"16","author":"Borton","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."},{"issue":"2","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0067","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2005.03.018","article-title":"SOST is a target gene for PTH in bone","volume":"37","author":"Keller","year":"2005","journal-title":"Bone."},{"issue":"4","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/s10735-007-9096-3","article-title":"Effects of intermittent parathyroid hormone (PTH) administration on SOST mRNA and protein in rat bone","volume":"38","author":"Silvestrini","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Mol Histol."},{"issue":"1","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0069","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.3109\/03009742.2011.608195","article-title":"Intranasal calcitonin reducing bone pain in a patient with Camurati-Engelmann disease","volume":"41","author":"Trombetti","year":"2012","journal-title":"Scand J Rheumatol."},{"issue":"3","key":"2024020318540304800_jbmr2120-bib-0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"618","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.1773","article-title":"Changes in bone sclerostin levels in mice after ovariectomy vary independently of changes in serum sclerostin levels","volume":"28","author":"Jastrzebski","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res."}],"container-title":["Journal of Bone and Mineral Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjbmr.2120","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmr\/article-pdf\/29\/5\/1141\/56566754\/jbmr2120.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmr\/article-pdf\/29\/5\/1141\/56566754\/jbmr2120.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,13]],"date-time":"2024-03-13T14:51:01Z","timestamp":1710341461000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmr\/article\/29\/5\/1141-1157\/7599075"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,26]]},"references-count":70,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbmr.2120","relation":{},"ISSN":["0884-0431","1523-4681"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0884-0431","type":"print"},{"value":"1523-4681","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,26]]}}}