{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,9]],"date-time":"2025-11-09T07:43:17Z","timestamp":1762674197443},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,10]],"date-time":"2024-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1707523200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2362,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000265","name":"Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U105960371"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U105960371"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000265","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>\u2003<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>There are no longitudinal pQCT data of bone growth and development from sub-Saharan Africa, where rapid environmental, societal, and economic transitions are occurring, and where fracture rates are predicted to rise. The aim of this study was to compare skeletal development in black and white South African adolescents using longitudinal data from the Birth to Twenty study. The Birth to Twenty Bone Health subcohort consisted of 543 adolescents (261 [178 black] girls, 282 [201 black] boys). Annual pQCT measurements of the radial and tibial metaphysis and diaphysis were obtained between ages 12 and 22 years (distal metaphysis: cross-sectional area [CSA] and trabecular bone mineral density [BMD]; diaphysis: total and cortical CSA, cortical BMD, and polar stress-strain index [SSIp]). Age at peak height velocity (APHV) was calculated to account for differences in maturational timing between ethnic groups and sexes. Mixed-effects models were used to describe trajectories for each pQCT outcome. Likelihood-ratio tests were used to summarize the overall difference in trajectories between black and white participants within each sex. APHV (mean\u2009\u00b1\u2009SD years) was similar in black (11.8\u2009\u00b1\u20090.8) and white (12.2\u2009\u00b1\u20091.0) girls, but delayed in black (14.2\u2009\u00b1\u20091.0) relative to white boys (13.3\u2009\u00b1\u20090.8). By 4 years post-APHV, white adolescents had significantly greater cortical CSA and SSIp than black adolescents at the radius. There were no significant differences at the radial metaphysis but there was some divergence, such that black adolescents had greater radial trabecular BMD by the end of follow-up. At the tibia, white adolescents had lower diaphyseal CSA and SSIp, and greater metaphyseal CSA. There was no ethnic difference in tibial trabecular BMD. There are ethnic differences in bone growth and development, independent of maturation, in South African adolescents. This work gives new insights into the possible etiology of childhood fractures, which occur most commonly as peripheral sites. \u00a9 2017 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research Published by Wiley Periodicals Inc.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,23]],"date-time":"2017-08-23T13:02:49Z","timestamp":1503493369000},"page":"2355-2366","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Ethnic Differences in Peripheral Skeletal Development Among Urban South African Adolescents: A Ten-Year Longitudinal pQCT Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Simon M","family":"Schoenbuchner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC)\/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical MedicineUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa"},{"name":"Medical Research Council (MRC) Elsie Widdowson LaboratoryCambridgeUK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John M","family":"Pettifor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC)\/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical MedicineUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shane A","family":"Norris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC)\/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical MedicineUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa K","family":"Micklesfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC)\/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical MedicineUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ann","family":"Prentice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"South African Medical Research Council (SAMRC)\/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, School of Clinical MedicineUniversity of the WitwatersrandJohannesburgSouth Africa"},{"name":"Medical Research Council (MRC) Elsie Widdowson LaboratoryCambridgeUK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kate A","family":"Ward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Council (MRC) Lifecourse Epidemiology UnitUniversity of SouthamptonSouthamptonUK"},{"name":"Medical Research Council (MRC) Elsie Widdowson LaboratoryCambridgeUK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"01","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1017\/S0029665111003375","article-title":"Musculoskeletal phenotype through the life course: the role of nutrition","volume":"71","author":"Ward","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc Nutr Soc"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2010.12.032","article-title":"Determinants of bone size and strength in 13-year-old South African children: the influence of ethnicity, sex and pubertal maturation","volume":"48","author":"Micklesfield","year":"2011","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-008-0627-x","article-title":"Fracture rates in urban South African children of different ethnic origins: the Birth to Twenty cohort","volume":"20","author":"Thandrayen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-013-2477-4","article-title":"Fracture patterns and bone mass in South African adolescent\u2013mother pairs: the Birth to Twenty cohort","volume":"25","author":"Thandrayen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.20836","article-title":"Age at menarche and the evidence for a positive secular trend in urban South Africa","volume":"21","author":"Jones","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Hum Biol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1002\/ajhb.20868","article-title":"Is puberty starting earlier in urban South Africa","volume":"21","author":"Jones","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Hum Biol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1080\/03014460903136822","article-title":"Secular trends in skeletal maturity in South Africa: 1962-2001","volume":"36","author":"Hawley","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Hum Biol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2011.10.029","article-title":"Determinants of relative skeletal maturity in South African children","volume":"50","author":"Hawley","year":"2012","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2014-306399","article-title":"Ethnic and sex differences in skeletal maturation among the Birth to Twenty cohort in South Africa","volume":"100","author":"Cole","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1002\/ajpa.20318","article-title":"Effect of ethnicity and sex on the growth of the axial and appendicular skeleton of children living in a developing country","volume":"130","author":"Nyati","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Phys Anthropol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1007\/s00774-011-0269-5","article-title":"Ethnicity and bone: a South African perspective","volume":"29","author":"Micklesfield","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Metab"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1359\/JBMR.040104","article-title":"Comparison of cross-sectional geometry of the proximal femur in white and black women from Detroit and Johannesburg","volume":"19","author":"Nelson","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.50B1.2","article-title":"Osteoporosis and fracture of the femoral neck in the South African Bantu","volume":"50","author":"Solomon","year":"1968","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2014.51","article-title":"Geographic and ethnic disparities in osteoporotic fractures","volume":"10","author":"Cauley","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11657-015-0203-x","article-title":"Vertebral fracture prevalence in black and white South African women","volume":"10","author":"Conradie","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arch Osteoporos"},{"issue":"9","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2243","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-015-3154-6","article-title":"Burden of high fracture probability worldwide: secular increases 2010\u20132040","volume":"26","author":"Od\u00e9n","year":"2015","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"10","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2447","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-011-1857-x","article-title":"Growth from birth to adulthood and peak bone mass and density data from the New Delhi Birth Cohort","volume":"23","author":"Tandon","year":"2012","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2087","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-2553","article-title":"The Bone Mineral Density in Childhood Study: bone mineral content and density according to age, sex, and race","volume":"92","author":"Kalkwarf","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"8","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.412","article-title":"Bone mineral accrual from 8 to 30 years of age: an estimation of peak bone mass","volume":"26","author":"Baxter-Jones","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2158","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2570","article-title":"Reexamining the surfaces of bone in boys and girls during adolescent growth: a 12-year mixed longitudinal pQCT study","volume":"30","author":"Gabel","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2982","article-title":"Sex differences and growth-related adaptations in bone microarchitecture, geometry, density, and strength from childhood to early adulthood: a mixed longitudinal HR-pQCT study","volume":"32","author":"Gabel","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0022","first-page":"1125","article-title":"Using Super-Imposition by Translation And Rotation (SITAR) to relate pubertal growth to bone health in later life: the Medical Research Council (MRC) National Survey of Health and Development","volume":"45","author":"Cole","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0023","first-page":"1113","article-title":"Pubertal timing and bone phenotype in early old age: findings from a British birth cohort study","volume":"45","author":"Kuh","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2008","article-title":"Growth from birth to adulthood and bone phenotype in early old age: a British birth cohort study","volume":"29","author":"Kuh","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1007\/s001980170061","article-title":"Maternal height, childhood growth and risk of hip fracture in later life: a longitudinal study","volume":"12","author":"Cooper","year":"2001","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/s00198-010-1224-3","article-title":"Growth in childhood predicts hip fracture risk in later life","volume":"22","author":"Javaid","year":"2011","journal-title":"Osteoporos Int"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dym016","article-title":"Cohort profile: Mandela's children: the 1990 Birth to Twenty study in South Africa","volume":"36","author":"Richter","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.2004.00572.x","article-title":"Transition from Birth to Ten to Birth to Twenty: the South African cohort reaches 13 years of age","volume":"18","author":"Richter","year":"2004","journal-title":"Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol"},{"issue":"06","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1017\/S2040174412000475","article-title":"Association between infant nutrition and anthropometry, and pre-pubertal body composition in urban South African children","volume":"3","author":"Kagura","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Dev Orig Health Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocd.2014.01.006","article-title":"Quantitative computer tomography in children and adolescents: the 2013 ISCD pediatric official positions","volume":"17","author":"Adams","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Densitom"},{"key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0031","year":"2016"},{"key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0032","author":"Wickham","year":"2015"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.18637\/jss.v067.i01","article-title":"Fitting linear mixed-effects models using lme4","volume":"67","author":"Bates","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Stat Softw"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1558","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/dyq115","article-title":"SITAR: a useful instrument for growth curve analysis","volume":"39","author":"Cole","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Epidemiol"},{"key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0035","author":"Wickham","year":"2009"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1080\/0301446021000034642","article-title":"A longitudinal analysis of sex differences in bone mineral accrual in healthy 8-19-year-old boys and girls","volume":"30","author":"Baxter-Jones","year":"2003","journal-title":"Ann Hum Biol"},{"key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0037","author":"Cohen","year":"1988"},{"key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1926","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3179","article-title":"Metacarpal growth during adolescence in a longitudinal South African cohort","volume":"32","author":"Magan","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res. 2017"},{"issue":"8","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2001.16.8.1547","article-title":"The development of metaphyseal cortex: implications for distal radius fractures during growth","volume":"16","author":"Rauch","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1521","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.46","article-title":"Rapid growth produces transient cortical weakness: a risk factor for metaphyseal fractures during puberty","volume":"25","author":"Wang","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1514","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3128","article-title":"The estimation of second-generation HR-pQCT from first-generation HR-pQCT using in vivo cross-calibration","volume":"32","author":"Manske","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1359\/JBMR.050214","article-title":"Examining bone surfaces across puberty: a 20-month pQCT trial","volume":"20","author":"Kontulainen","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.1359\/JBMR.050110","article-title":"Growth patterns at distal radius and tibial shaft in pubertal girls: a 2-year longitudinal study","volume":"20","author":"Wang","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1681","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-1913","article-title":"Effects of sex, race, and puberty on cortical bone and the functional muscle bone unit in children, adolescents, and young adults","volume":"95","author":"Leonard","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"11","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5266","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-030432","article-title":"Cortical bone density is normal in prepubertal children with growth hormone (GH) deficiency, but initially decreases during GH replacement due to early bone remodeling","volume":"88","author":"Schweizer","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"issue":"10","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3777","DOI":"10.1118\/1.2769102","article-title":"Accurate quantification of width and density of bone structures by computed tomography","volume":"34","author":"Hangartner","year":"2007","journal-title":"Med Phys"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-005-0031-x","article-title":"Recommendations for thresholds for cortical bone geometry and density measurement by peripheral quantitative computed tomography","volume":"77","author":"Ward","year":"2005","journal-title":"Calcif Tissue Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/8756-3282(95)00438-6","article-title":"Mechanical validation of a tomographic (pQCT) index for noninvasive estimation of rat femur bending strength","volume":"18","author":"Ferretti","year":"1996","journal-title":"Bone"},{"issue":"8","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0049","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1289","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2003.12.009","article-title":"Determination of mechanical stiffness of bone by pQCT measurements: correlation with non-destructive mechanical four-point bending test data","volume":"37","author":"Martin","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Biomech"},{"key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0050","first-page":"105","author":"Wilhelm","year":"2001"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocd.2010.05.005","article-title":"Evidence for enhanced characterization of cortical bone using novel pQCT shape software","volume":"13","author":"Laskey","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Densitom"},{"issue":"12","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2239","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3015","article-title":"Challenges in the acquisition and analysis of bone microstructure during growth","volume":"31","author":"Seeman","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0053","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2242","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3010","article-title":"Reply to: Challenges in the acquisition and analysis of bone microstructure during growth","volume":"31","author":"Gabel","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Bone Miner Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0054","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1111\/ijpo.12039","article-title":"Sex differences in obesity incidence: 20-year prospective cohort in South Africa","volume":"11","author":"Lundeen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatr Obes"},{"issue":"7","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0055","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2004.tb02699.x","article-title":"The relationship between socio-economic status and physical activity patterns in South African children","volume":"93","author":"McVeigh","year":"2004","journal-title":"Acta Paediatrica"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0056","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"874","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2007.00285.x","article-title":"Bone mass accretion rates in pre- and early-pubertal South African black and white children in relation to habitual physical activity and dietary calcium intakes","volume":"96","author":"McVeigh","year":"2007","journal-title":"Acta Paediatrica"},{"issue":"9","key":"2024021014194918000_jbmr3279-bib-0057","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"660","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.07.043497","article-title":"Development of a WHO growth reference for school-aged children and adolescents","volume":"85","author":"de Onis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"}],"container-title":["Journal of Bone and Mineral Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjbmr.3279","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmr\/article-pdf\/32\/12\/2355\/56649907\/jbmr3279.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmr\/article-pdf\/32\/12\/2355\/56649907\/jbmr3279.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,13]],"date-time":"2024-03-13T14:59:52Z","timestamp":1710341992000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jbmr\/article\/32\/12\/2355-2366\/7605255"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,23]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbmr.3279","relation":{},"ISSN":["0884-0431","1523-4681"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0884-0431","type":"print"},{"value":"1523-4681","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,23]]}}}