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The molecular mechanisms underlying this inverse correlation are incompletely understood. Here, we report that mice lacking tuberous sclerosis 1 (Tsc1) in Osterix-expressing cells had a significant decrease in trabecular bone mass characterized by decreased osteoblastogenesis, increased osteoclastogenesis, and increased bone marrow adiposity in vivo. In vitro study showed that Tsc1-deficient bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) had decreased proliferation, decreased osteogenic differentiation, and increased adipogenic differentiation in association with the downregulation of Wnt\/\u03b2-catenin signaling. Mechanistically, TSC1 deficiency led to autophagy suppression and consequent Notch1 protein increase, which mediated the GSK3\u03b2-independent \u03b2-catenin degradation. Together, our results indicate that Tsc1 controls the balance between osteoblast and adipocyte differentiation of BMSCs. \u00a9 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.3530","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,20]],"date-time":"2018-06-20T16:58:12Z","timestamp":1529513892000},"page":"2021-2034","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["<i>Tsc1<\/i>\n                    Regulates the Balance Between Osteoblast and Adipocyte Differentiation Through Autophagy\/Notch1\/\u03b2-Catenin Cascade"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Han Kyoung","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences and Division of ProsthodonticsUniversity of Michigan School of DentistryAnn 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